The Chapter About الصِّيَامِ (Fasting) from the Matn Al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter About الصِّيَامِ (Fasting)

وَصَـوْمُ‮ ‬رَمَـضَانَ‮ ‬فَرِيضَةٌ (The fast of Ramaḍaan is an obligatory duty) يَـثْبُتُ‮ ‬بِكَمَالِ‮ ‬شُعْبَانَ‮  ‬ (which is fixed to the completion of the month of Shaʿbaan) أَوْ‮ ‬بِـرُؤُيَـةِ‮ ‬عَـدْلَـيْـنِ‮ ‬لِلْهِلاَلِ (or the sighting of the crescent moon by two reliable witnesses) أَوَ‮ ‬جَـمَاعَةٍ‮ ‬مُسْـتَفِيضَة (or the spread of the news among a large portion of the community) وَكَـذَالِـكَ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬الفِطْرِ (and it is the same as this with the ending the fast). وَيُـبَيِّتُ‮ ‬نِـيَّةَ‮ ‬الصِّيَامَ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬أَوَّلِـهِ‮ ‬ (The one who is fasting makes the intention to fast at the beginning of Ramaḍaan), وَلَـيْسَ‮ ‬عَـلَيْهِ (but it is not incumbent upon him) الْـبَيَاتُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬بَـقِيَّتِهِ‮ ‬ (to do so for the rest of Ramaḍaan).

يُـتِمُّ‮  ‬الصِّيَامَ‮ ‬إِلَـى اللَّيْلِ (He should maintain the fast until nightfall), وَمِـنَ‮ ‬السُّنَّة تَعْجِيلُ‮ ‬الْـفِطْرِ (while it is the Sunnah to hurry to break the fast) وَتَـأْخِـيرُ‮ ‬السُّحُورِ (and to delay the Suḥuur).  وَحَيْثُ‮ ‬ثَـبُتَ‮ ‬الشَّهْـرُ‮ ‬قَـبْلَ‮ ‬الْفَجْـر (If the arrival of the month of Ramaḍaan is confirmed before Fajr (dawn), وَجَـبَ‮ ‬الصَّوْمُ (the fasting will become obligatory), وَإِنْ‮ ‬لَـمْ‮ ‬يَـثْبُتُ‮ ‬ (however, if it is not confirmed) إِلاَّ‮ ‬بَـعْدَ‮ ‬الْفَجْـرِ (until after Fajr, وَجَـبَ‮ ‬الإمْـسَاكُ (observing the fast will become [immediately] obligatory)). وَلاَ‮ ‬بُـدَّ  (That undoubtedly) مِـنْ‮ ‬قََـضَاءِ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ‮ ‬الْـيَوْمِ (it is obligatory to make up that day).

 وَالنِّيَّة (The intention to fast [which has been made]) قَـبْلَ‮ ‬ثُـبُوتِ‮ ‬الشَّهْـرِ‮ ‬(before the arrival of the month of Ramaḍaan has been confirmed) بَـاطِـلَةٌ‮ ‬(is invalid), حَـتَّى لَـوْ‮ ‬نَـوَى (like when the individual who made the intention) قَـبْلَ‮ ‬الرُّؤْيَةِ (before the sighting of the hilaal), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬أَصْـبَحَ (then), وَلَـمْ‮ ‬يَـأْكُـلْ‮ ‬وَلَـمْ‮ ‬يَشْـرَبْ (and he didn’t eat nor drink), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬تَـبَيَّنَ‮ ‬لَـهُ (and then it became clear to him) أَنَّ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ‮ ‬الْيَوْمَ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬رَمَـضَانَ (that that day was the first day of Ramaḍaan), لَـمْ‮ ‬يُجْزِهِ‮ ‬(that day is not permitted to him [as one of his fasting days of Ramaḍaan]). وَيُـمْسِكُ‮ ‬عَـنِ‮ ‬الأَكْـلِ‮ ‬وَالشُّرْبِ‮ ‬فِـهِ (however, he must  continue to abstain from eating and drinking in it), لِـحُـرْمَـةِ‮ ‬الشَّهْـرِ (because of the sacredness of the month), وَيَـقْضِيهِ (and he must make it up [the day’s fast as well.]).

وَلاَيُـصَامُ (There should be no fasting) يَـوْمُ‮ ‬الشَّكِّ (on the Day of Doubt),  لِيُحْتَاطَ‮ ‬بِهِ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬رَمَضَانَ (in order to make sure it is not the first day of Ramaḍaan). وَيَـجُوزُ‮ ‬صِـيَامُـهُُ‮ ‬لِـلتَّطَوُّعِ‮ ‬وَالنَّذْرِ‮ ‬ (Performing voluntary fast and the fast that one has pledge to do is allowed), إِذَا صَـادَفَ (if it coincides with [the Day of Doubt]). وَيسْـتَحَبُّ‮ ‬الإمْسَاكُ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬أَوَّلِهِ (It is recommended however, to refrain from eating at the beginning of the day [the Day of Doubt]), لِــيَتَحَقَّقَ‮ ‬النَّاسُ‮ ‬الرُّأْيَةَ  (in order to allow the people to confirm the sighting [of the crescent moon of Ramaḍaan]). وَإِنَ‮ ‬ارْتَـفَعَ‮ ‬النَّهَـرُ (If the day passes) وَلمْ‮ ‬تظْهَـرْ‮ ‬رُؤْيَـةٌ‮ ‬ (and a sighting is not clear), أَفْـطَرُ‮ ‬النَّاسُ‮ ‬(the people must eat).

وَلاَ‮ ‬يُـفْطِرُ‮ ‬مَـنْ‮ ‬ذَرَعَـهُ‮ ‬قَـيْءٌ (The person who vomits does not break his fast), إِلاَّ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يُـعَالِـجَ‮ ‬خُـرُوجَـهُ‮ ‬ (unless he caused himself to regurgitate). فَعَلَيْهِ‮ ‬الْقَضَاءُ  (In that case, he must make up the fasting day). وَلاَ‮ ‬يُـفْطِرُ‮ ‬مَـنِ‮ ‬احْـتَلَمَ (The one who emits seminal fluid while dreaming doesn’t break his  fast) وَلاَ‮ ‬مَنِ‮ ‬احْتَجَمَ (nor does the one who is cupping break his fast), وَتُـكْرَهُ‮ ‬الْـحِجَامَـةُ‮ ‬لِلْمَرِيضِ‮ ‬خِـيفَة التَّغْرِيرِ (but cupping is disliked for a sick person who fears exhaustion / feeling faint).

وَمِـنْ‮ ‬شُـرُوطِ‮ ‬صِـحَّةِ‮ ‬الصَّوْمِ (Among the conditions of a sound fast is) النِّيَّةُ‮ ‬السَّابِـقَةُ‮ ‬لِـلْفَجِـرِ (the intention to fast which is made before dawn), سوَاءُ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬فَـرْضًـا (whether the fast is an obligatory) أَوْ‮ ‬نَـفْلاً (or a non-obligatory one which is being performed for additional reward from Allah). وَالنِّيَّةُ‮ ‬الْـوَاحِـدَة كَـافِـيَةٌ (One statement of intention is sufficient for [the entire] fasting period]). يَـجب تَـتَابُـعْهُ (The fast must be done immediately after the statement), كَـصِيَامِ‮ ‬رَمَـضَانَ (like the fast of Ramaḍaan), وَصِـيَامِ‮ ‬كَـفَّارَةِ‮ ‬الظِّهَارَةِ‮ ‬ (the fast of reparation for ḍhihārah) وَالْـقَتْلِ (killing someone by mistake), وَالنَّذْرِ‮ ‬الَّذِي‮ ‬أَوْجَـبَهُ‮ ‬الْـمُكَلَّفُ (and the vow that al-mukallaf who swears an oath which he  makes binding) عَـلَى نَـفْسِهِ (upon himself).  فَـأَمَّا الصِِّـيَامُ‮ ‬الـمَسْـرُودُِ (as for the [voluntary] fast that is done for a consecutive number of days),‮  ‬وَالْـيَوْمُ‮ ‬الْـمُعَيِّنُ (the [fast done on a] fixed  day), لاَ‮ ‬بُـدَّ‮ ‬مِنَ‮ ‬التبْيِيتِ‮ ‬فِِـيهِ‮ ‬كُلَّ‮ ‬اللَّيْلَةٍ (undoubtedly, the niyyah is made for it nightly / every night.)

وَمِـنْ‮ ‬شُـرُوطِ‮ ‬صِـحَّةِ‮ ‬الصَّوْمِ (Among the conditions of a sound fast is) النَّقَاءُ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬دَمُ‮ ‬الْـحَيْضِ‮ ‬وَالنِّفاسِ (purity from the  blood of menstruation and the blood after childbirth). فَـإنَ‮ ‬انْـقَطَعَ‮ ‬دَمُ‮ ‬الْـحَيْضِ‮ ‬وَالنِّفاسِ (If the  blood of menstruation and the blood after childbirth stops flowing)‮ ‬قَـبْلَ‮ ‬الْفَجْـرِ (before dawn), وَلَـوْ‮ ‬بِلَحْـظَةِ (at that moment), وَجَـبَ‮ ‬عَـلَيْهَا صَـومُ‮ ‬ذَالكَ‮ ‬الْيَوْمِ (the fast of that day becomes incumbent upon the woman),وَلَـوْ‮ ‬لَـمْ‮ ‬تَغْتَسِـل (even if she did not bath) إلاَّ‮ ‬بَـعَدَ‮ ‬الْفَجْـرِ (until after fajr). وَتُــعَادُ‮ ‬النِّيَّةُ (The intention [to fast] should be repeated)  إِذَا انْـقَطَعَ‮ ‬التَّتَابِـعُ‮ ‬بِـ‮ ‬(when the following comes to an end): الْـمَرضِ‮ ‬وَالْـحَيْضِ‮ ‬وَالنَّفَاسِ‮ ‬وَشِـبْهِ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ (sickness, menstruation, and parturition, and what is similar to these).

وَمِـنْ‮ ‬شُـرُوطِ‮ ‬صِـحَّةِ‮ ‬الصَّوْمِ (The other conditions of a sound fast that are): والْـعَقْلُ (full intellectual consciousness). فَـمَنْ‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬عَـقْلَ‮ ‬لَـهُ (As for those who doe not have full intellectual consciousness), كَـالْـمَجْنُونِ (like the insane person) وَالْـمُغْمَى عَـلَيْهِ (and the person who is unconscious), لاَيَـصِحُّ‮ ‬مِِـنْهُ‮ ‬الصَّوْمُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬تِـلْكَ‮ ‬الْـحَالَـةِ (fasting is not sound for them in that condition), وَيَـجِبُ‮ ‬عَـلَى الْـمَجْنُونِ‮ ‬إِذَا عَـادَ‮ ‬إِلَـيهِ‮ ‬عَـقْلُهُ‮ ‬ (It is requisite, for the insane person who regains his full intellectual consciousness) وَلَـوْ‮ ‬بَـعْدَ‮ ‬سَـنِيينَ‮ ‬كَـثِيرَةٍ (even if it is after a many of years) أَنْ‮ ‬يَـقْضِي‮ ‬ (to complete) مَـا فَـاتَـهُ‮ ‬مِنَ‮ ‬الصَّوْمِ (the fasting that he didn’t do) فِي‮ ‬حَالِ‮ ‬جُنُونِهِ (while he was in his state of insanity), وَمِـثْلُهُ‮ ‬الْـمُغٌمَى عَلَيْهِ (and it is the same for the unconscious person) إذَا أَفَاقَ (when he regains his consciousness).

وَمِـنْ‮ ‬شُـرُوطِ‮ ‬صِـحَّةِ‮ ‬الصَّوْمِ (The other conditions of a sound fast that are): تَـرْكُ‮ ‬الْـجِـمَاعِ‮ ‬ (to refrain from sexual intercourse), وَالأَكْـلِ‮ ‬(eating) وَالشَّرْبِ (and drinking). فَـمَنْ‮ ‬فَـعَلَ (The one who does) فِـي‮ ‬النَّهَارِ‮ ‬رَمَـضَانَ‮ ‬شَـيْئًا مِـنْ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ (any of these things during the day during Ramaḍaan) مُتَعَمَّدًا (intentionally), مِـنْ‮ ‬غَـيْرِ‮ ‬تَـأْوِيلٍ‮ ‬قَرِيبٍ (and it is not from his own understanding (interpretation) وَلاَ جَهْـلٍ (nor out of ignorance), فَـعَلَيْهِ‮ ‬الْـقضَاءُ‮ ‬ (then he must make up the fast day) وَالْـكَفَّارَةُ (and do reparation for it). الْـكَفَّارَةُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ‮ ‬كُـلِّهِ (The reparation required for each of these cases) إِطْـعَامُ‮ ‬سِـتِّيـنَ‮ ‬مِـسْكِيـنًا‮ ‬ (is the feeding of sixty destitute people) مُـدًّا لِـكُلِّ‮ ‬مِـسْكِيـنٍ‮ ‬(with one mudd for each destitute person) بِـمُدِّ‮ ‬النَّبِيِّ (using the mudd of the Prophet), صَـلَّى اللَّهف عَـلَيْهِ‮ ‬وَ‮ ‬سلَّمَ‮ ‬(may Allah bless him and grant him peace). وَهُـوَ‮ ‬أَفْـضَلُ (It is what is most preferred). وَلَـهُ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يُـكَفَّرَ (The person who must do reparations can also do it) بِـعِتْقِ‮ ‬رُقْـبَةٍ‮ ‬مُـؤْمِـنَةٍ (by freeing a believing slave) أَوْ‮ ‬بِـصِيَامِ‮ ‬شَـعرَيْـنِ‮ ‬مُـتَتَابِـعَيْـنِ (or by fasting two consecutive months).

مَـا وَصَـلَ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬غَـيْرِ‮ ‬الْـفَمِ‮ ‬إِلَى الْـحَلْقِ (As for what arrives in the throat through a place other the mouth), مِـنْ‮ ‬أُذُنٍ (like the ear) أَوْ‮ ‬أَنْـفٍ (or the nose) أَوْ‮ ‬نَـحْوَ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ (or what is similar), وَلَـوْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬بَـخُورًا (even if it is incense), فَـعَلَيْهِ‮ ‬الْـقَضَاءُ (the person fasting only has to make up the fast). وَمِـثْلُهُ‮ ‬الْـبَلْغَمُ‮ ‬ (It is the same with regards to phlegm) الْـمُمْكِنُ‮ ‬طَـرْحُـهُ (which he can spit out), وَالْـغَالِـبُ (and what went down the throat beyond control)  مِـنَ‮ ‬الْــمَـضْمَضَةِ (from rinsing the mouth with water), وَالسِّواكِ (and the siwaak), وَكُـلُّ‮ ‬مَـا وَصَـلَ‮ ‬إِلَى الْـمَعِدَة‮ ‬ (everything that goes into the stomach), وَلَـوْ‮ ‬بِـالْـحُقْنَةِ‮ ‬الْـمَائِـعَةِ (even if by colonic iirigation), وَكَـذَا مَـنْ‮ ‬أَكَـلَ‮ ‬ (and similarly, the one who ate) بَـعَدَ‮ ‬شَـكِّهِ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬الْفَجْرِ (after having doubted that the dawn had come in), لَـيْسَ‮ ‬عَـلَيّهِ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬جَـمِيعِ‮ ‬ذَالك (he is not required to do anything in regards to any of these previously mentioned things)‮ ‬إِلاَّ‮ ‬الْـقَضَاءُ (except the making up the fast day).  وَلاَ‮ ‬يَـلْزَمُـهُ‮ ‬الْـقَضَاءُ (He is not required to complete the fast however), فِـي‮ ‬غَـالِـبٍ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬ذُبَـابٍ‮ ‬(if he is overcome by flies {enter his throat]),‮ ‬أَوْ‮ ‬غُـبَارِ‮ ‬طَـرِيقٍ (dust of the road), أَوْ‮ ‬دَقِيقٍ (flour), أَوْ‮ ‬كَيْلِ‮ ‬جِبْسٍ (or plaster) لِصَانِعِهِ (used by his workman), وَلاَ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬حُقْنَةٍ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬إِحْلِيلٍ (or an injection of a lawful substance into the penis), وَلاَ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬دُهْنِ‮ ‬جَـائِفةٍ (nor putting any substance in the stomach).

وَيَجُوزُ‮ ‬لِـلصِّيَامِ  is lawful in regards to the fast):1. السِّواكُ‮ ‬([the use of] Siwaak) فِـي‮ ‬جَمِيعِ‮ ‬النَّهَارِ (the entire day) 2. وَالْــمَـضْمَضَةُ (as well as rinsing the mouth with water) لِـلْعَطْشِ‮ ‬(because of thirst) 3. وَالإصْـبَاحُ‮ ‬بِـالْـجَنَابَـة (major impurity if it occurs). 4. وَالْـحَامِلَةُ‮ ‬ (If the pregnant woman) إِذَا خَـافَـتْ‮ ‬عَـلَى مَـا‮  ‬فِي‮ ‬بَـطَنِهَا‮ ‬(fears for what is in her stomach), أَفْطَرَتْ (she should break her fast). وَلَـمْ‮ ‬تُـطْعِمْ (and she does not have to feed anyone because if breaking her fast), وَقَـدْ‮ ‬قِـيلَ (It has also been said), تُـطْعِمُ (that she should feed people), وَالْـمُرْضِـعُ (and the nursing mother), إِذَا خَـافَـتْ‮ ‬عَـلَى وَلِـدِهَا (if she fears for her child), وَلَمْ‮ ‬تَـجِدْ‮ ‬مَـنْ‮ ‬تَسْـتَأْجِـرُهُ‮ ‬لَـهُ‮ ‬ (and she can’t hire a wet nurse for him) أَوْ‮ ‬يَـقْبَلُة (or the child doesn’t accept [being breast fed]) غَـيْرَهَـا (by anyone other than her), أَفْـطَرَتْ‮ ‬وَأَطْـعَمَتْ (she should break her fast and she must feed people). وَكَـذَالِـكَ‮ ‬الشَّيْخُ‮ ‬الْهَرِمُ (It is the same with the elderly person), يُـطْعِمُ‮ ‬إِذَا أَفْـطَرَ (it is recommended that he feed people, if he breaks his fast). وَمِـثْلُهُ‮ ‬مَـنْ‮ ‬فَـرَّطَ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬قَضَاءِ‮ ‬رَمَـضَانَ (and similar is someone who fails to make up missed days) حَـتَّى دَخَـلَ‮ ‬عَـلَيْهِ‮ ‬رَمَـضَانَ‮ ‬آخَرُ (until another Ramaḍaan comes). وَالإطْـعَامُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬هَـاـذَا كُلِّهِ (The feeding in all of these cases) مُـدٌّ (is a mudd) عَـنْ‮ ‬كُـلِّ‮ ‬يَـوْمٍ‮ ‬يَـقْضِيهِ (each day that has to be completed).

وَيَستَحَبُّ‮ ‬لِـلصَّائِـمِ (It is highly recommended for the one fasting) كَـفُّ‮ ‬لِـسَانِـهِ (to guard his tongue), وَتُـعْجِيلُ‮ ‬قَـضَاءِ (to quickly complete), مَـا فِي‮ ‬ذِمَّتِهِ‮ ‬مِـنَ‮ ‬الصَّوْمِ (what he owes from the fast), and وَتَتَابُعُهُ (to do what’s owed in the correct order).

وَيَستَحَبُّ‮ ‬صَـوْمُ‮ ‬يَوْمِ‮ ‬عَرَفَةَ (Fasting is highly recommended on the Day of ʿArafat)لِـغَيْرِ‮ ‬الْـحَاجِّ (for those who are not performing the Ḥajj), وَعَـاشُـورَاءَ (alsoʿĀshūrā’), وَصَوْمُ‮ ‬عَشَـرِ‮ ‬ذِي‮ ‬الْـحِجَّةِ (the Fast of the 10 days of Dhū-l-Ḥijr), والْـمُحَـرَّمِ (al-Muḥarram), وَرَجَـبٍ (Rajab), وَشَـعْبَانَ (and Shaʿbān),  وَثَـلاَثَـةِ‮ ‬أَيَّامٍ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬كُـلِّ‮ ‬شَهْرٍ‮ ‬(and three (3) days every month).

وَكَـرِهَ‮ ‬مَـالِـكَ‮ ‬‮ ‬(Mālik disapproved) أَنْ‮ ‬تَـكُونَ‮ ‬الْـبِيضَ‮ ‬لِـفِرَارِهِ (them [the fasting days] to be the “Bright  Days” )‮ ‬لِـفِرَارِهِ‮ ‬مِـنَ‮ ‬التَّحْـدِيدِ (in order for them [these fasting days] avoid the limiting of them).

وَكَـذَا كَـرِهَ‮ ‬صِـيَامَ‮ ‬سِـتَّةِ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬شَـوَالِ (Similarly, he disliked fasting the 6 days of Shawaal) مُـحَافَـةَ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يُحلْحِقَهَا الْـجَاهِـلُ‮ ‬بِـرَمَـضَانَ (fearing that the ignorant person would join them with Ramaḍān).

وَيَـكْرَهُ‮ ‬ذَوْقُ‮ ‬الْـمِلِحِ‮ ‬لِلصَّائِمِ (Tasting salt is disliked for the person whose fasting). إِنْ‮ ‬فَعَلَ‮ ‬ذَالك (If he does that) وَمَـجَّهُ (and spits it out), وَلَمْ‮ ‬يَـصًلْ‮ ‬إِلَى حَـلْقِهِ‮ ‬مًـنْهُ‮ ‬شَـيْءٌ (and none of it goes down his throat), فَلاَ‮ ‬شَىْءَ‮ ‬عَلَيْهِ (he is not required to do anything).

وَمُـقدِّمَـاتُ‮ ‬الْـجِـمَاعَـةِ‮ ‬مَـكرُوهَـةٌ (Sexual foreplay is disliked) لِلصَّائِمِ (for the person who is fasting), كَـالْـقُبْلَةِ (for example: kissing), وَالْـجَسَّةِ (touching), ‮ ‬النَّظَرِ‮ ‬مُسْـتَدَامِ (continuous gazing [with lust]), وَالْـمُلاَعَـبَةِ (and playing around) إنْ‮ ‬عُلِمًتِ‮  ‬السّلْاَمَةُ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬ذَالك (when it is know how to prevent it), ‮ ‬إلاَّ‮ ‬حُـرِمَ‮ ‬عَـلَيْهِ‮ ‬ذَالك‮ ‬(unless the foreplay is unlawful for him), وَلَـكِنَّهُ‮ ‬إِنْ‮ ‬إِمْـذَى (but if he emits prostatic fluid) مِـنْ ذَالك (as result of it), فَـعَلَيْهِ‮ ‬الْـقَضاءُ‮ ‬فَـقَطْ (he only has to make up that fast day),   وَإنْ‮ ‬إِمْـنَى (but if he emits sperm), فَـعَلَيْهِ‮ ‬الْـقَضاءُ (then he must make up the fast day) وَالْكَفَّارَةُ (and do reparations as well).

قِيَامُ‮ ‬وَمَضانَ (Standing during Ramadān) مُسْـتَحَابٌ (is highly recommended). قَالَ‮ ‬رَسُولُ‮ ‬اللهِ (The Messenger of Allah صَـلَّي‮ ‬اللهُ‮ ‬عَـلَيْهِ‮ ‬وَسَـلَّمَ said), مَـنْ‮ ‬قَـامَ‮ ‬رَمَـضَانَ‮ ‬ (“Whoever stands in Ramaḍān) إِمَانًا (with belief) وَإِحْـتِسَابًا (with anticipation of his reward from Allah) غُفِرَ‮ ‬لَهُ‮ ‬مَا تَقَدَّمَ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬ذَنْـبهِ (will have his prior sins forgiven).” ويَسْـتََبُّ‮ ‬الاَنْـفِرادُ‮ ‬بِهِ (It is recommended do it alone [at home]), إِنْ‮ ‬لَـمْ‮ ‬تُـعَطَّلْ  (if does not lead to the masjids being empty). وَاللهُ‮ ‬أَعْـلَمُ (Allah is the best Knower).

Published in: on June 12, 2012 at 11:21  Comments (1)  
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AlMaliki22’s Channel: Course: Matn Al Ashmaawiyyah Taught in English by Ustadh Abdush Shakur Brooks


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Published in: on June 3, 2012 at 00:50  Leave a Comment  
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The Chapter Concerning صَلاَةِ الْـجَنَازَةِ [The Prayer for the Deceased from Matn al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter Concerning صَلاَةِ‮ ‬الْـجَنَازَةِ [The Prayer for the Deceased]

وَصَـلاَةُ  الْـجَنَازَةِ (The prayer for the deceased) فَرْضٌ‮ ‬عَلَى الكِفَايَة (is an obligation that is upon the whole community), وَأَرْكَـانُـهَا أَرْبَـعَةٌ (and its rules are four): النِّيَّةُ (the intention), أَرْبَـعُ‮ ‬تَكْبِيرَاتٍ (four takbīrs), والدُّعَـاءُ‮ ‬بَـيْنَهُـنُّ (supplication between each of them [the takbīrs]), وَالسَّلاَمُ (as-Salaam) وَيَـدْعُـو بِـمَا تَيَسَّرُ (and the worshipper supplicate with which is easy). وَيَسْتَحْسَنَ‮ ‬ابْـنُ‮ ‬أَبِي‮ ‬زَيْدٍ‮ ‬  (Ibn Abī Zayd has suggested) فِـي‮ ‬رِسَـالَـتِهِ (in his Risaalah) أَنْ‮ ‬يَـقُولَ (that the worshipper should say):

الْـحَمْدُ لَلَّهِ الَّذِي يُحْيِي الـْمَوْتى لَهُ العَظَمَةُ وَ الْكِبْرِيَاءُ وَالْـملْكُ وَالْقُدرَةُ وَالسَّنَاءُ وَهُو عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ

“All praise is due to Allah Who gives life to the dead,  To Him belongs the Might the Majesty, the Dominion, the Power, and Sublimity; and He is Powerful over everything.”

اللَّهُمَّ‮ ‬صَلِّ‮ ‬عَلى مُحَمَّدٍ‮ ‬وَعَلَى آلِ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدٍ‮  ‬وَبَارِكْ‮ ‬عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ‮  ‬وَعَلَى آلِ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدٍ‮ ‬كَـمَا صَلَيْتَ‮ ‬وَرَحِمْتَ‮ ‬وَبَارِكْتَ‮ ‬عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ‮ ‬وَعَلَى آلِ‮ ‬إِبْرَاهِمَ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬الْعَالَـمِينَ‮ ‬إِنَّكَ‮ ‬حَمِيدٌ‮ ‬مَجِيدٌ

“Oh Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad and bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad in the same manner as you sent blessing, showed mercy and blessed Ibrāhīm and the family of Ibrāhīm.  Surely, You are Praiseworthy and Exalted.”

أَللَّهُمَّ‮ ‬إِنَّهُ‮ ‬عَبْدُكَ‮ ‬وَابْنُ‮ ‬عَبْدِكَ‮ ‬وَابْنُ‮ ‬أمَتِكَ‮ ‬أَنْتَ‮ ‬خَلَقْتَهُ‮ ‬وَرَقْتَهُ‮ ‬أَنْتَ‮ ‬أَمَّتَهُ‮ ‬وَأَنْتَ‮ ‬تُحْيِيهِ‮ ‬وَأَنْتَ‮ ‬أَعْلَمُ‮ ‬بِسِرِّهِ‮ ‬وَعَلاَنِيَتِهِ‮ ‬جِعْنَاكَ‮ ‬شُفَعَاءَ‮ ‬لَهُ‮ ‬فَشَفِّعْنَا فِيهِ

Oh Allah, he is Your slave and the son of Your male slave and the son of Your female slave.  You created him and You provided for him.  You caused him to die and You will give him life.  You are the One who knows most about his secrets and what he has revealed.  We come to you on his behalf and we are pleading on his behalf.

أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬إِنَّا نَسْتَجِيرُ‮ ‬بِحَبْلِ‮ ‬جِوَارِكَ‮ ‬لَهُ‮ ‬إِنَّكَ‮ ‬ذُو وَفَاءِ‮ ‬وَذِمَّةٍ‮ ‬أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬قِهِ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬فِتْنَةِ‮ ‬الْقُبْرِ‮ ‬وَمِنْ‮ ‬عَذَابِ‮ ‬جَهَنَّمَ

Oh Allah, we seek with the rope of nearness to You.  Surely You are the Owner of promise and protection.  Oh Allah, protect him from the trials of the grave and chastisement of the Fire.

أَللّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لَهُ  وَارْحَمْهُ واعْفُ عَنْهُ وَعَافِهِ وَاكْرِمْ نُزُلَهُ وَوَسِّعْ  مُدْخَلَهُ وَاغْسِلُهُ بِمَاءٍ وَثَلْجٍ وَبَرْدٍ  وَنَقِّهِ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ وَالـخَطَايَا كَمَا يُنّقِّي الثَّوْبُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الدَّنْسِ وَأَبْدِلْهُ دَارًا خَيٌرًا مِنْ دَارِهِ وَأَهْلاً خَيْرًا مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَزَوْجًا خَيرًا مِنْ زَوْجِهِ

Oh Allah, forgive him and have mercy upon him and pardon him and protect him ennoble and his houses and make his grave a wide expanse and wash him with water and snow and cold and cleanse him of the sins and mistakes like the white garment is cleansed of dirt and give him a good house in place of his house and a good people in place of his people and a good wife in place of his wife.

أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬إِنَّ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬مُحْسِنًا فَزِدْ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬إِحْسَانِهِ‮ ‬وَإِنْ‮ ‬كَانَ‮ ‬مُسِيثًا فَتَجَاوَزْ‮ ‬عَنْ‮ ‬سَيِّآتِهِ‮ ‬

Oh Allah, if he was good, increase him in his goodness and if he did wrong, then overlook his wrong actions.

أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬قَدْ‮ ‬نَزَلَ‮ ‬بِكَ‮ ‬وَأَنْتَ‮ ‬خَيْرُ‮ ‬مُنْزُولِ‮ ‬بِهِ‮ ‬فَقِيرٌ‮ ‬إِلَى رَحْمَتِكَ‮ ‬وَأَنْتَ‮ ‬غَنِيٌ‮ ‬عَنْ‮ ‬عَذَابِهِ‮ ‬

“O Allah, he has come to You and You are the Best that anyone can come to. He is in need of Your mercy and You have no need to punish him.

أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬ثَبِّتْ‮ ‬عِنْدَ‮ ‬الْـمَسْأَلَـةِ‮  ‬مَنْطِقَهُ‮ ‬وَلاَ‮ ‬تَبْتَـلِهِ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬قبْرِهِ‮ ‬بِـمَا لاَ‮ ‬طَاقَةَ‮ ‬لَهُ‮ ‬بِهِ‮ ‬وَأَلْـحِـقْهُ‮ ‬بِنَبِيِّّهِ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدٍ‮ ‬صَلَّى اللّهُ‮  ‬عَلَيْهِ‮ ‬وَسَلَّمَ‮

“O Allah, make his speech firm when he is questioned and do not rest him in his grave with what is beyond what he can bear. And join him with his Prophet Muhammad صَلَّى اللّهُ‮  ‬عَلَيْهِ‮ ‬وَسَلَّمَ.

أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬تَـحْـرِمْنَا أَجْرَهُ‮ ‬وَلاَ‮ ‬تَفْتِـنَّا بَعْدَهُ

“O Allah do not deprive us of our reward for doing this on his behalf and do not test us after him.”

تَـقُولُ‮ ‬ذَالِكَ‮ ‬بِـإثْـرِ‮ ‬كُـلِّ‮ ‬تَكْبِيرَةٍ‮ ‬ (You say that immediately after each takbīr); وَتَقُولُ‮ ‬بَعَدَ‮ ‬الرَّابِعَةِ‮ ‬ and after the fourth takbīr you say:

أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬اغفُرْ‮ ‬لحيِّنَا وَمَيِّتِنَا وَحَاضِرِنَا وَغَائِبِـنَا وَصَغِيرِنَا وَكَبِيرِنَا وَذَكْرِنَا وَأُنْثَانَا إِنَّكَ‮ ‬تَعْلَمُ‮ ‬مُتَقَّلَبَـنَا وَمَثْوَانَا وَاغّْفِر لَنَا وَلِوَالِدينَا وَلِـمَنْ‮ ‬سَبَقَنَا الإِيمَانِ‮ ‬مَغْفِرَةٌ‮ ‬عَزْمًا وَلِلـْمُسْلِمِينَ‮ ‬وَالـْمُسْلِمَاتِ‮ ‬وَالـمُومِنِينَ‮ ‬وَالـْمُومِـنَاتِ‮ ‬الأَحْيَاءِ‮  ‬مِنْهُم وَالأَمْوَاتِ

“O Allah, forgive those who are alive and those who are dead, those present with us and those absent, those who are young and those who are old, those who are male and those who are female. You know everything that we do and where we will end up – and forgive our parents and those who have gone before us with iman and all the muslims both men and women and all the muminun both men and women, the living and the dead.”

أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬مَنْ‮ ‬أَحْيَيْتَهُ‮ ‬مِنَّا فَأْحْيِهِ‮ ‬عَلَى الإيمَانِ‮ ‬وَمَنْ‮ ‬تَوَفَّيْتَهُ‮ ‬مِنَّآ فَتَوَ‮ ‬فَّـهُ‮ ‬عَلَى الإِسْلاَمِ‮ ‬وَأَسْعِدْنَا بِلِقَائِكَ‮ ‬وَطَيٍِّبْـنَا للْـمَوْتِ‮ ‬وَطَيِّبْهُ‮ ‬لَنَا وَجْعَلْ‮ ‬فِيهِ‮ ‬رَاحَـتَنَا وَمَسَرَّتَنَا

“O Allah whoever of us You keep alive, keep him alive in iman and whoever You take back to Yourself take him back as a Muslim. Make us glad when we meet You. Make us pleasing at the time of our death and make death pleasant for us. Make it a source of rest and happiness for us.”

ثُمَّ‮ ‬تُسَلِّمُ (then you say: As-Salaamu Alaykum to the right).

إِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَـتْ (If the Janaazah prayer is for a woman), you say: أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬إِنَّهَا أَمَـتُكَ (Oh Allah, she was your slave). Then you continue to say it for the female,  however, do not say, “وأبدِلْـهَا زَوْجِـهَا خَـيْرًا مِـن زَوْجِـهَا (Change her husband for a better husband), لأََّنَّهَا قَـدْ‮ ‬تَـكُونُ‮ ‬زَوْجًا (because she will be a wife) فِـي‮ ‬الْـجَنَّةِ (in the Paradise) لِـزَوْجِـهَا فِـي‮ ‬الدُّنْـيَا (for the man who was her husband on the Earth). وَنِّسَاءُ‮ ‬الْـجَنَّة مَـقْصُورَات عَـلَى أَزْوَاجِهِم (While the women of Paradise are reserved for their husbands), لاَ‮ ‬يَبْغِينَ‮ ‬بِهِمْ‮ ‬بَدَلاً (it is not desired that they [the wives] be changed).”

وَإِنْ‮ ‬أَدْرَكْـتَ‮ ‬جَـنَازَةً (If you know that a Janaazah will take place), وَلَـمْ‮ ‬تَـعْلَمْ (but you do not know) أَذْكَرٌ  أَمْ  هِيَ  أُنْـثَى (if it is for a male or female), قُـلْتَ (you should say): أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬إنَّهَا نَـسَمَتُكَ‮ ‬(Oh Allah! Surely your creation), ثُمَّ‮ ‬تَتَمَدَى بِـذِكْـرِهَـا عَـلَى التَأْنِيِثِ‮ ‬ (then continue to say it over the female), لأَنَّ‮ ‬النَّـسَمَةٌ (because the word: النَّـسَمَةٌ‮ ‬[creation], تَـشْمَلُ‮ ‬الذَّكْـرَ‮ ‬وَالأُنْـثَى‮ (‬encompasses both the male and female).

وَإِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَـتْ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةُ‮ ‬عَـلى طِـفْلٍ‮ ‬ (If the Janaazah prayer is for a small child),‮ ‬قُـلْتَ‮ ‬مَا تَقَدَّمَ (you will say what has already been mentioned) مِـنَ‮ ‬النِّيَّةِ (starting with the intention) وَالتَّكْبِيراتِ‮ ‬وَالدُّعَاءِ (and all of the takbīrs and supplications), غَـيْرَ‮ ‬أَنَّهُ‮ ‬مُسْتَحَبٌّ (however, it is recommended) أَنْ‮ ‬تَقُولَ‮ ‬بَـعَدَ‮ ‬الثَّنَاءِ‮ ‬عَـلَى اللَّهِ‮ ‬ (that you say after the praise of Allah) وَالصَّلاَةِ‮ ‬عَـلَى النَّبِيِّ‮ ‬(and prayer upon His Prophet صلي‮ ‬الله عليه وسلم):

أَللّهُمَّ‮  ‬إِنَّهُ‮ ‬عَبُدُكَ‮ ‬وَابْنُ‮ ‬عَبْدِِكَ‮ ‬أَنْتَ‮ ‬خَلَقْتُهُ‮ ‬وَرَزَقْتَهُ‮ ‬وَأَنْتَ‮ ‬أَمَتَّهُ‮ ‬وأَنْتَ‮ ‬تُـحْيِيهِ‮ ‬أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬اجْعَلْهُ‮ ‬لِوَالِدَيْهِ‮ ‬سَلَفًا وَذُكْرًا وَفَرَطًا وَأَجْرًا وَثَقِّلْ‮ ‬بِهِ‮ ‬مَوَازِينَهُمَا وَاعْظِمْ‮ ‬بِهِ‮ ‬أُجُورَهُمَا وَلاَ‮ ‬تَـحْرِمْنَا وَأَيَّاهُمَا أَجْرَهُ‮ ‬وَلاَ‮ ‬تَفْتِـنَّآ وَأَيَّاهُمَا بَعْدَهُ‮ ‬أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬أَلْـحِقّْهُ‮ ‬بِصَالِـحِ‮ ‬سَـلِـفِ‮ ‬الْـمُومِنِينَ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬كَفَالَةِ‮ ‬إبْرَهِيمِ‮ ‬وَأَبْدِلْهُ‮ ‬دَارًا خَيْرًا مِنْ‮ ‬دَارِهِ‮ ‬وَأَهلاً‮ ‬خَيْرًا مِنْ‮ ‬أَهْلِهِ‮ ‬وَعَافِهِ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬فِتْـنَةِ‮ ‬الْـقُبْرِ‮ ‬وَمِنْ‮ ‬عَذَابِ‮ ‬جَهَنَّمَ

“O Allah, he is your slave and the son of Your slaves. You created him and provided for him. You made him die and will bring him to life. Make him a forerunner and a stored-up treasure and a reward for his parents. Make their balances heavy through him and make their reward greater because of him and do not deprive either us or them of their reward through him and do not test either us or them after him. O Allah, give him the company of the right-acting muminun who have gone ahead and place him under the guardianship of Ibrahim. Give him a house better than the one he had and a family better than the one he had. Save him from the trial of the grave and the torment of Jahannam.”

تَـقُولُ  ذَالِكَ  بِـإثْـرِ  كُـلِّ  تَكْبِيرَةٍ (You said that immediately after each takbiir); وَتَقُولُ‮ ‬بَعَدَ‮ ‬الرَّابِعَةِ (and after the fourth takbīr you say):

أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬اغْفِرْ‮ ‬لأَِسْلاَفِنَا وَأَفْرَاطِنَا وَلِـمَنْ‮ ‬سَبَقَنَا بِالإِيمَانِ‮ ‬أَللّهُمَّ‮ ‬مَنْ‮ ‬أَحْيَيْتَهُ‮ ‬مِنَّا فَأَحْيِهِ‮ ‬عَلَى الإِيمَانِ‮ ‬وَمَنْ‮ ‬تَوَفَّيْتَهُ‮ ‬مِنَّا فَتَوَفَّهُ‮ ‬عَلَى الإسْلاَمِ‮ ‬وَاغْفِرْ‮ ‬لِلْـمُسْلِـمِينَ‮ ‬وَالْـمُسْلِـمَاتِ‮ ‬وَالْـمُومِنِينَ‮ ‬وَالْـمُومِنَاتِ‮ ‬الأَحْيَاءِ‮ ‬مِنْهُمْ‮ ‬وَالأَمْوَاتِ

“O Allah, forgive our forbears and predecessors, and those who have gone before us with imān. O Allah, whoever among us You make live make him live with imān, and whoever You take back to Yourself take him back as a muslim. Forgive all the muslims both men and women and all the muminun both men and women, the living and the dead.”


ثُمَّ‮ ‬تُسَلِّمُ (then you make Taslīm (say: As-Salaamu Alaykum to the right).


Published in: on December 28, 2010 at 18:19  Comments (1)  

The Chapter About صَلاَةِ الْـجُمُعَةِ (The Friday Prayer) from Matn al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter About صَلاَةِ‮ ‬الْـجُمُعَةِ (The Friday Prayer)

صَـلاَةُ‮ ‬الْـجُـمْعَةِ‮ ‬فَـرْضٌ (Ṣalaatu-l-Jumuʿah is an obligation) عَـلَى الأَعْـيَانِ (which has been placed upon each individual Muslim), وَلَـهَا شُـرُوطُ‮ ‬وُجُـوبٍ (and it has required conditions), وَأَرْكَـانٌ‮ ‬ (rules), وَآدَبٌ (manners),‮ ‬وَأَعْـذَارَ‮ ‬تُـبِيحُ‮ ‬التَّخَـلَّف(and excuses which allow [the worshipper] not to attend it).

فَـأَمَّا شُـرُوطُ‮ ‬وُجُـوبِـهَا (As for the condition of its necessity), فَسَـبْعَةٌ (they are seven): وَالإسْـلاَمُ ‬(Islam), وَالْـبُـلُوغُ (legal maturity), وَالْـعَقْلُ (intellect), وَالذُّكُـورِيَّةِ (masculinity), وَالْـحُـرِّيَـةُ (freedom), وَالإقَامَةُ (residence), وَالصِّحَةِ (and health).

وَأَمَّا (As for its rules), فَخَمْسَةٌ (they are five):

الأَوَّلُ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬الْـَمَسْجِـدُ (The first element is the masjid) الَّذِي‮ ‬يَـكُونُ‮ ‬جَـامِـعًا (that is used the central congregational masjid);

الثَّانِـيُّ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬الْـجَـمََاعَـةُ (The second is the congregation). وَلَـيْسَ‮ ‬لَـهُمْ‮ ‬حَدٌّ‮ ‬عِنْدَمَالِك (There is no limit for them with Maalik). بَـلْ‮ ‬أَنْ (On the contrary),‮ ‬لاَبُدَّ (without  doubt), تَـكُونَ‮ ‬جَـمَاعَةً‮   ‬(it is a group of people) تَـتَقَرَّى بِـهِ‮ ‬قَـرِيَةٌ (wherein a village can be established by them). وَرَجَّحَ‮ ‬بَـعْضُ‮ ‬أَئِـمَّتِنَا (Some of our imāms support the opinion) أَنَّهَا تَجُـوزُ‮ ‬بِـاثْـنَىْ‮ ‬عَشَـرَ‮ ‬رَجُلاً (that Jumuʿah is permitted to be established with twelve men) بَـاقِـيِينَ‮ ‬لِسَـلاَمِـهَا (who remain for the closing salaam).

الثَّالِـثُ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬الْـخُـطْبَةُ‮ ‬الأُلًـَـى (The third element is the first khuṭbah) رُكُـنُ‮ ‬عَـلَى الصَّحِيحِ (and that it is an essential part [of Jumuʿah] according to what is sound), وَ كَـذَالِـكَ الْـخُـطْبَةُ الثَّانِـيَّةُ‬ (similarly, so is the second khuṭbah) عَـلَى مَـشْهُورٌ (according to what is well known [in the Madh-hab]), وَلاَ‮ ‬بُـدَّ (and undoubtedly), أَنْ‮ ‬تَـكُونَ‮ ‬بَـعَدَ‮ ‬الزَّوالِ‮ ‬ (it occurs at end of the first khuṭbah) وَقَـبلَ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةِ (and before the prayer). وَلَـيْسَ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـخُـطْبَة حَـدٌّ‮ ‬ (There is also no limit place upon the khuṭbah) عِـنْدَ  مَـالِـكٍ  أَيْـضًا (also according to Maalik), وَلاَ‮ ‬بُـدَّ (and undoubtedly), أَنْ‮ ‬تَـكُونَ‮ ‬مِـمَّا تُـسَّمِيهِ‮ ‬الْـعَربُ‮ ‬خُـطْبَةً (it is what has been called by the Arabs a khuṭbah). وَيَسْـتَحَبُّ  الطَّهَارَةُ  فِـيهِمَا (Ritual purity is recmmended for both khuṭbahs), وَفِـي‮ ‬وُجُوبِ‮ ‬الْقِيَامِ‮ ‬تَرَدُّدٍ (and the necessity of the repetition of Qiyaam [standing position]).

الرَّابِـعْ  : الإمَامُ (The fourth element is the imām). وَمِنْ‮ ‬صِـفتِهِ (Among his characteristics) أَنْ‮ ‬يَـكُونُ‮ ‬مِـمَّنْ‮ ‬تَـجِبُ‮ ‬عَـلَيْهِ‮ ‬ (is that he is among those people for whom Jumuʿah is incumbent). احْـتِرَازًا مِـنْ  الصَّبِيِّ (The imāmate should not be given to the young boy), الْـمُسَافِـرُ (the traveler), وَغَـيْرِهِِـهَا (nor anyone else besides the two above-mentioned persons) مِـمَّنْ‮ ‬لَـمْ‮ ‬تَـجِبُ‮ ‬عَـلَيْهِ (who is not obligated to perform Jumuʿah  upon).

يَشْـتَرَطَ (It is a condition) أَنْ‮ ‬يَـكُونَ‮ ‬الْـمُصَلِّي‮ ‬بِالْـجَمَاعَةِ that the person leading the prayer for the Jamaaʿah) هُـوَ‮ ‬الْـخَاطِـبُ (must be the one who gives the khuṭbah), إِلاَّ  لِـعُذْرٍ (except for an excuse) يَـمْنَعَهُ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬مَرْضٍ (which prevents him from leading the prayer like illness) أَوْ‮ ‬جُـنُونٍ (or insanity)أَوْ‮ ‬نَـحْوِ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ‮ ‬ (or what is similar to that). وَيَـجِبُ‮ ‬انْتِظَارُهُ (Waiting for him [the imām] is obligatory) لِـلْعُذْرِ‮ ‬الْقَرِيبِ (if the excuse that does take long),عَـلَى الأَصَـحِّ (according to what is most sound).

الْـخَامِـسُ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬مَـوْضِـعُ‮ ‬الاِسْـتِيطَانِ (The fifth element is place of settlement [residence]). فَـلاَ‮ ‬تُـقَامُ‮ ‬الْـجُـمُعَةُ‮ ‬ (Jumuʿah cannot be established), إِلاَّ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬مَـوْضِـعٍ‮ ‬يُسْـتِوْطَنُ (except in a place which has been settled), وَيَـكُونُ‮ ‬مَـحَلاً‮ ‬لِـلإقَـامَـة (there is a place for the iqaamah), وَيُـمْكِنُ‮ ‬الْـمَشْوى فِيهِ‮ ‬ (and the habitation is possible whether it is town or a village).

وَأَمَّا آدَابُ‮ ‬الْـجُـمُعَةِ (As for the correct manners with regards to Jumuʿah), فَثَمَانِـيةٌ (they are eight):

الأَوَّلُ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬الْغُسْـلُ‮ ‬لَـهَا (The first of them is major ablution for it) وَهُـوَ‮ ‬سُـنَّة عِـنْدَ‮ ‬الْـجَـمْهُورِ (and it is a sunnah with the people of knowledge) وَمِنْ‮ ‬شُرُوطِهِ (and its conditions are) أَنْ‮ ‬يَكُونَ‮ ‬مُـتَّصِلاً‮ ‬بِـالرّوَاحِ (that it is connected to starting out [for the masjid]), فَـإنِ‮ ‬اغْتَسََـلَ (and if the worshipper made ablution) واشْـتَغَلَ‮ ‬بِغَدَاءٍ‮ ‬أَوْ‮ ‬نَوْمٍ (and then becomes pre-occupied by eating or sleep), أَعَادَ‮ ‬الْغُسْلَ (he should repeat the ablution) عَـلَى الْـمَشْهُورِ (according to what is well known);

الثَّانِـيُّ  : السِّوَاكُ (The second is the toothbrush);

الثَّالِثُ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬حَلْقُ‮ ‬الشَّعْرِ (the third is trimming the hair]);

الرّابِعُ  :  تَقْلِيمُ  الأَظَافِرِ (the fourth is trimming the fingernails);

الْـخَامِسُ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬تَـجَنَّبُ‮ ‬مَـا‮ ‬يَـتَوَلَّدُ‮ ‬مِنْهُ‮ ‬الرّائِـحَةُ‮ ‬الْكَرِيهَةُ‮ ‬ (the fifth is to avoid those things that cause bad breath);

السَّادِسُ‮ ‬‭:‬‮ ‬التَّجَمُّلُ‮ ‬بِالثِّيَابِ‮ ‬الْـحُسَـنَةِ (the sixth is to dress in the the best clothes);

السَّابِعُ  : التَّطَيِّبُ لَهَا (the seventh is putting on perfume for Jumuʿah);

الثَّامِنُ  : المَشْيُ لَهَا دُونَ الرُّكُوبِ  (the eighth is walking to Jumuʿah not riding), إِلاَّ‮ ‬لِـعْذْرِ‮ ‬ (except if there are excuse) يَـمْنَعُهُ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬ذَالِكَ (which prevents the worshipper from doing that).

الثَّامِـنُ‮ ‬‭:‬ الْـمَشِـي‮ ‬دُونَ‮ ‬الرُّكُـوبِ‮ ‬(the eighth is walking to Jumuʿah not riding), إِلاَّ‮ ‬لِـعْذْرِ‮ ‬ (except if there are excuse) يَـمْنَعُهُ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬ذَالِكَ (which prevents the worshipper from doing that).

وَأَمَّا الأَعْـذَارُ (As for the excuses) ‮ ‬الْـمُبِيحَةُ‮ ‬لِلتَّخَـلُّفِ‮ ‬عَـنْهَا (that causes one to stay away from Jumuʿah), فَـمِنْ‮ ‬ذَالكَ‮ ‬الْـمَطَرُ‮ ‬الشَّدِيدُ (they include heavy rain), وَالوَحْـلُ‮ ‬الكَثِيرُ (an overwhelming amount of mud), الْـمُجَـذَّمُ‮ ‬الَّـذِي‮ ‬تَـضُرُّ‮ ‬رَائِـحَتُهُ (and smells that are harmful),   بِـالْـجَـمَاعَـةِ‮ ‬(according to all of the scholars), الْـمَرَضُ (illness) وَالتَّمْرِيضُ‮ ‬(and tending to the sick), بِأَنْ‮ ‬يَـكُونَ‮ ‬عِـنْدَهُ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬أَهْـلِهِ (because someone in his family is sick), كَالزَّوْجَةِ (like the wife)  وَالْـوَلَـدِ‮ ‬(and the child) وَأَحَدَ‮ ‬الأَبَوَيْنِ (and one of the parents), وَلَـيْسَ‮ ‬عِـنْدَهُ‮ ‬مَنْ‮ ‬يَعُولُهُ (and there is no one who can care for them), فَـيَحْتَاجُ‮ ‬إِلَـى التَّخَـلُّفِ (then he should stay behind) لِتَمْرِيضِهِ (in order to care for his sick family member), مِـنْ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ (similarly), إِذَا احْتُضِرُ‮ ‬أَحَـدٌ‮ ‬مِـن أَقَـارِبِـهِ‮ ‬أَوْ‮ ‬إِخْوَانِهِ (if one of his relatives or his brother dies.)

قَـالَ‮ ‬مَـالِـك (Maalik said) فِـي‮ ‬الرَّجُـلِ‮ ‬يُهْلِكُ‮ ‬يَوْمَ‮ ‬الْـجُمُعَةِ (concerning the man who dies on the day of Jumuʿah), فَيَتَخَـلَّفُ‮ ‬عِـنْدَهُ‮ ‬رَجُلٌ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬إِخْـوَانِـهِ (a man who is with him from among his brothers can stay away from Jumuʿah) (to attend to his affairs). لاَ‮ ‬بَـأْسَ‮ ‬بِـذَالِـكَ (There is no objection to that).

وَمِـنْهَا (Among other the excuses which prevent the worshipper from attending Jumuʿah) لَـوْ‮ ‬خَـافَ‮ ‬عَـلَى نَـفْسِهِ‮ ‬مِـنْْ‮ ‬ضَـرْبِ‮  ‬ظَـالِـمٍ (is that he fears being beaten by a tyrant), أَوْ‮ ‬حَـبْسِهِ (or his imprisonment)  أَوْ‮ ‬أَخْـدِ‮ ‬مَـالِـهِ (or his money being taken). وَكَـذَالِـكَ‮ ‬الْـمُعْسِرُ (It is similar with the poor person), يُـخَـافُ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يَـحْبِسَ‮ ‬غَـرِيـمُهُ (who fears that his creditor will imprison him), عَـلَى الأَصَـحُّ (according to what is more sound). وَمِـنْ‮ ‬ذَالكَ‮ ‬الأَعْـمَى (Another excuse is is that of the blind person) الَّذِي‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬قَـائِـدَ (who does not have help). أَمَّا لَـوْ (However), كَانَ‮ ‬لَـهُ‮ ‬قَـائِـدٌ (if he has someone to guide him) مِـمَّنْ‮ ‬يَهْـتَدِي‮ ‬لِلْـجَامِعِ‮ ‬بِلاَ‮ ‬قَئِدٍ (or is able to find his way the masjid without a guide), فلاَ‮ ‬يَـجُوزُ‮ ‬لَـهُ‮ ‬التُّخَلُّفُ‮ ‬عَـنْهَا‮ ‬ (then he is not permitted to stay away from it (the Jumuʿah prayer).

وَيَحْْـرُمُ  السَّفَرُ (Travel is prohibited)  عِـنْدَ‮ ‬الزَّوَالِ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬يَـوْمِ‮ ‬الـْجُـمُعَةِ (at noon time of the day of Jumuʿah) عَـلَى مَـنْ‮ ‬تَـجِبُ‮ ‬عَـلَيْه الْـجُـمُعَةُ (for the one who has to attend Jumuʿah prayer).  وَكذَالِـكَ‮ ‬يَحْْـرُمُ‮ ‬عَـلَيْهِ‮ ‬الْـكَلاَمُ‮ ‬وَالنَّافِلَةُ (Similarly, talking and performing naafilah prayers is not permitted) وَلإمَامُ‮ ‬يَخْـطُبُ (while the imām is giving the khuṭbah) سِـواءٌ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـخُطْبَةِ‮ ‬الأُولَـى أَوْ‮ ‬الثَّانِـيَّةِ (whether it is the first or the second khuṭbah ). وَيَجْـلِسُ‮ ‬الرَّجُـلُ‮ ‬وَلاَ‮ ‬يُصَلِّي (The man must sit and does not pray), إِلاَّ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يَـكُونُ‮ ‬تَـلْبِسَ‮ ‬بِـنَقْلٍ (unless he is doing nafilah prayer) قَـبْلَ‮ ‬دُخُـولِ‮ ‬الإمَـامِ‮ ‬(before the entry of the imām) فَـيُتِمَّ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ (and completes that prayer).  وَيَحْْـرُمُ الْـبَيْعُ‮ ‬وَالشُّـرَاءُ‮ ‬(Buying and selling is prohibited) عِـنْدَ‮ ‬الأَذَانِ‮ ‬الثَّانِـي (after the second call to prayer) وَيُـفْسَخُ‮ ‬إِنْ‮ ‬وَقَعَ (and it should be terminated when it the call to prayer starts).

وَيُـكْرَهُ  تَـرْكُ  الْـعَمَلِ  يَوْمَ  الْـجُـمُعَةِ (Omitting traditional behavior on the day the Jumuʿah Prayer is highly disliked), وَتَـنَقُّلُ‮ ‬الإمَـامِ‮ ‬قَـبْلَ‮ ‬الْـخُـطْبَةِ (as well as the imām performing naafilah prayers before the khuṭbah), وَكذَالِـكَ‮ ‬يُـكْرَهُ‮ ‬ (and similarly it is disliked) لِـلْجَالِـسِ (for those who are sitting) أَنْ‮ ‬يَـتَقََّلَ (to perform naafilah prayers) عِـنْدَ‮ ‬الأَذَانِ‮ ‬الأُوَّلِ (after the first adh-dhaan). وَيُـكْرَهُ‮ ‬حُـضُورُ‮ ‬الشَّائَـة لِـلْجُـمْعَةِ (It is also disliked for the young girl to attend Jumuʿah), وَكذَالِـكَ‮ ‬السَّفَرُ‮ ‬بَـعْدَ‮ ‬الْفَجْـرِ (and likewise, traveling after Fajr).   وَاللَّهُ‮ ‬أَعْـلَمُ (And Allah is the Best Knower).

Published in: on December 27, 2010 at 13:55  Leave a Comment  

The Chapter About فِي الإمَامَةِ (The Imāmate) from Matn al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter About فِي‮ ‬الإمَامَةِ (The Imāmate)

وَمِـنْ‮ ‬شُـرُوطِ‮ ‬الإِمَـامَـةِ‮ ‬(Among the requirements for (the post of imām) أَنْ‮ ‬يَكُونُ (is that he be) ذَكَـرً (a male), مُسْـلِمًا (a muslim) عَاقِلاً (in full possession of his mental faculties), بَـالِغًا (fully mature), عَالِـمًا بِـمَا لاَ‮ ‬تَصِحُّ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةُ (knowledgeable about the prayer that is unsound)  إلاَّ‮ ‬بِـهِ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮  ‬قِـرَاءةٍ‮ ‬وَفِقْهٍ (unless it is a matter concerning the recitation and and fiqh).

فَـإِنِ‮ ‬افْـتَدَيْـتَ‮ ‬بِإِمَامٍ‮  ‬ (If you follow an imām) ثُمَّ‮ ‬تَبَيَّنَ‮ ‬لَكَ (and then it becomes clear to you)‮ ‬أَنَـهُ‮ ‬كَـافِـرٌ (that he is a kaafir) أَوِ‮ ‬امْـرَأَةٌ (or a woman) أَوْ‮ ‬خُـنْثَى مُـشْكِلٌ (or a dubious hermaphrodite) أَوْ‮ ‬مَـجْنُونٌ (or insane) أَو فَـاسِـقٌ‮ ‬بِـجارِحَـةٌ (or a sinner who commits big sins) أَو صَـبِّي‮ ‬لَـمْ‮ ‬يَـبْلُغْ‮ ‬الْـحُـلُمَ (or the youth who not attained puberty) أَوْ‮ ‬مُحْـدِثٌ (or a person who is bodily impure)‮ ‬تَـعَمَّدَ‮ ‬الْحَـدَثَ (who deliberately prays with the bodily impurity), بَـطَلَتْ‮ ‬صَـلاَتُـكَ (your prayer become invalid) وَوَجَـبَتْ‮ ‬عَلَيْكَ‮ ‬الأِعَادَةُ (and you are required to repeat it).

وَيَستَحَبُ‮ ‬سَـلاَمَـةُ‮ ‬الأَعْـضَاءِ‮ ‬لِـلإِمَـامِ (Having sound limbs is also recommended for the imām). وَتُـكْرَهُ‮ ‬إِمَـامَـةِ‮ ‬الإِقْـطعِ (The imāmship of the amputee ), وَالأَشَـلُ (the person suffering with paralysis), وَصَـاحِـبُ‮ ‬السّـلَسِ (the person who is unable to control the flow of his urine), وَمنْ‮ ‬بِـهِ‮ ‬قُُـرُحٌ‮ ‬لِـلصَحِيحِ‮ ‬(the person who has a wound on one of his four limbs ), وَإِمَـامَـةُ‮ ‬مَـنْ‮ ‬يَُكْرَهُ‮ ‬ (and a person who is hated is dislike).  وَيُـكْرَهُ‮ ‬لِـلْخَصْيِ‮ ‬ (The imāmship  is also disliked for the one who has been castrated), وَالأَغْـلفِ (the negligent), وَالْـمَأْبُــونِ (the weakling), ومَـجْهُولِ‮ ‬الْـحَالِ (the one whose circumstances are unknown, وَوَلَـدَ‮ ‬الزِّنَـا (the bastard) وَالْـعبْدِ (and the slave) فِـي‮ ‬فَـرِيضَة (in the farḍ prayer) أَنْ‮ ‬يَـكُونُ‮ ‬إِمَـامًـا رَاتِبًا (as a regular imām), بِخِلاَفِ‮ ‬النَّافِلَةِ (unlike the naafilah prayer) إِنَّهَا لاَ‮ ‬تَُكْرُهُ , (which is not considered to be mak-ruh) بِوَاحِدٍ‮ ‬مِـنْهُمْ (if lead by one of the above mentioned). وَتَـجُوزُ‮ ‬إِمَـامَـةُ‮ ‬الأَعْـمَى (The imāmship of the blind person is permitted), وَالْـمُخَالِـفِ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـفُرُوع (and the imamship of an imām from a different madh-hab [school of Islamic jurisprudence]), وَالْـعِنِينِ (the impotent man), وَالْـمُجَـذَّمِ (the leper is permissible), إِلاَّ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يَشْـتَدَّ‮ ‬جُـذَامُـهُ (except if his leprosy is severe) وَيَضُرَّ‮ ‬بِـمَنْ‮ ‬خَلْفَهُ (and it will cause harm to those who are behind him), فَـيُنَّحَى عَـنْهُمْ (in that case he should keep away from them).

وَيَـجُوزُ‮ ‬عُـلُوُّ‮ ‬الْـمَأْمُـومِ‮ ‬عَـلَى إِمَـامِـهِ (It is permissible for the one who prays behind the imām to stand higher than his imām) (even if it is (on a terrace). وَلاَ‮ ‬يَـجُوزُ‮ ‬لِـلإمَـامِ‮ ‬عُـلُوُّ‮ ‬عَـلَى الْـمَأْمُـومِ‮ ‬ (while it is not permissible for the imām to stand higher than the one following him) إِلاّ‮ ‬بِـالشَّيْءِ‮ ‬الْيَسِـيرِ‮ ‬كَالشِّبْرِ (unless the height is insignificant like the height) of a spear). وَإِنْ‮ ‬قَصَدَ‮ ‬إِمَـامُ‮ ‬الْـمَأْمُـومَ‮ ‬بِـعُـلُوِّهِ‮ ‬الْـكِبْرَ‮ ‬ (If the imām purposely sets out to stand higher than the person praying behind him out of arrogance), بَـطَلَتْ‮ ‬صَلاَتُهُ (his prayer becomes invalid).

وَمِـنْ‮ ‬شُـرُوطِ‮ ‬الْـمَأْمُـوم‮  ‬ (Among the conditions placed upon the one person praying behind the imām) أَنْ‮ ‬يَـنْوِيَ‮ ‬الإقْـتِدَاءَ‮ ‬بِـالإمَـامِـهِ (is that he makes the intention from the out set to follow his imām).

وَلَاَ‮ ‬يَشْتَرَطُ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬حَقِّ‮ ‬الإمَامِ‮ ‬ (It is not conditional among the duties) أَنْ‮ ‬يَنْوِيَ‮ ‬الإمَامَةَ (that he makes an intention to perform the duties of imāmate)  إِلاَّ‮ ‬قِـي‮ ‬أَرْبَـعِ‮ ‬مَـسَائِـلَ  (except in four matters):‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬صَـلاََةِ‮ ‬الْجُـمْعَةِ (in the Friday prayer), وَصَـلاَةِ‮ ‬الْـجَـمْعِ (the congregational prayer), وَصَـلاَةِ‮ ‬الْـخَوْفِ (the prayer of Fear) وَصَـلاَةِ‮ ‬الاِسْـتِخْلاَفِ (and Salaatu-l-Istikhlaaf).

زَادَ‮ ‬بَـعْضُهُمُ‮ ‬ (Some of them [the jurist] add [as a condition of imāmate]) فَـضْلِ‮ ‬الْـجَـمَاعَـةِ‮  ‬ (preeminence in rank among the jamaa’ah) عَـلَى الْـْـخِلاَفَـةِ‮ ‬ (on the other hand), وَيُسْـتَحَبُّ‮ ‬تَقْدِيمُ‮ ‬السُّلْطَانِ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الإِمَـامَـةِ (giving preference to the Sultaan to act as imām is preferred), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬رَبُّ‮ ‬الْـمَنْزِلِ (then the owner / head of the house),  ثُـمَّ‮ ‬الْـمُسْـتَأْجِـرُ‮ ‬عَـلَى الْـمَالِكِ‮ ‬ (then the landlord is given precedence over the king), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬الزَّائِـدُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـفِقْهِ‮ ‬ (then the one who knows the most fiqh),  ثُـمَّ‮ ‬الزَّائِـدُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـحَـدِيثِ‮ ‬ (then the one who knows the most hadith), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬الزَّائِـدُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْقِرَاءَةِ (then the one who knows the most knowledgeable about qiraa’ah), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬الزَّائِـدُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـعِبَادَة (then the one who is most knowledgeable about ʿibaadah), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬الْـمُسِنُّ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الإسْلاَمِ (then  [the most senior in Islam]), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬ذُو النَّسَـبِ‮ ‬(then the owner of noble lineage) ثُـمَّ‮ ‬جَمِيـلُ‮ ‬الْـخَلْقِ (and those beautiful [outstanding] of character), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬حَـسَنُ‮ ‬الْـخَـلْقِ (then those of good character), ثُـمَّ‮ ‬حَـسَنُ‮ ‬اللِّبَاسِ (and then those who dress well).

‮ ‬وَمَـنْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬لَـهُ‮ ‬حَـقٌّ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬التَّقْدِيمِ‮ ‬فِالإمَامَةِ‮  ‬(The one who is competent has precedence in imāmate)   ‮ ‬(and competence nullifies the (social) rank in assuming the duty of imām). وَإِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬عَـبْدًا (If there is a slave),‮ ‬أَوِ‮ ‬امْـرأَةً (a woman), أوْ‮ ‬غَـيْرَ‮ ‬عَـالِـمٍ‮ ‬مَـثَلاً‮ ‬(or unknowledgeable for example), فَإنَّهُ‮  ‬يَسْـتَحَبُّ‮ ‬لَـهُ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬يَـسْـتَنِيبَ‮ ‬مَـنْ‮ ‬هُـوَ‮ ‬أَعْلَمُ‮ ‬مِنْهُ  (it is preferred the person who is most knowledgeable be appointed from among them). وَاللَّهُ‮ ‬أَعْـلَمُ (Allah is the Best Knower).

Published in: on December 26, 2010 at 03:51  Leave a Comment  

The Chapter About مُفْسِدَاتِ الصَّلاَةِ (The Things That Nullify Prayer) from Matn al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter About مُفْسِدَاتِ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةِ (The Things That Nullify Prayer)

وَتَفْسُـدُ‮ ‬الصَّلاَة (Prayer is nullified): [a] بِـالضَّحِكَ (by laughing),  عَـمْدًا (whether it is done intentionally)  ‮ ‬أَوْ‮ ‬سَـهْوًا (or absent-mindedly), [b] وَبِـسُـجُـودِ‮ ‬السَـهْوِ (and by the prostration for forgetfulness) لِـلْفَضِِيلَةِ (for the parts  the prayer classified as meritorious actions), [c] وَبِـتَعَـمُّدِ‮ ‬زَيَـادَةِ (and by the intentional addition of) رَكْـعَةٍ (a rakʿah), أَوْ سَـجْـدَةٍ (or a sajdah)  أَوْ‮ ‬نَـحْوُ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ (or anything similar) فِـى الصَّلاَةِ  (during  the  performance  of  prayer),  [d] وَبِـالأَكْـلِ (and by eating) وَالشُّرْبِ  (and  drinking),  [e] وَبِـالْـكَلاَمِ‮ ‬عَـمْدًا (and by talking intentionally),  إِلاَّ‮ ‬لاِصْـلاَحَ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةِ (unless it is to make a correction in the prayer). فَـتَبْطَلُ (Prayer [also] becomes nullified):  بِـكَـثِيرِهِ‮ ‬دُونَ‮ ‬يَسِـيرِهِ (by a lot of it [speech] unless it is a small amount), [f] وَبِـالنَّفْخِ‮ ‬عَـمْدًا (and by blowing with the mouth intentionally), [g] وَبِـالْـحَـدَثِ (`and by bodily impurity), [h]  وَذِكْـرِ‮ ‬الْـفَائِـتَةِ  (and by remembering passed prayers that are owed), [i]  وَبِـالْـقَيْءِ  (and by vomiting)  إنْ‮ ‬تَـعَـمَّدْهُ (if it is done intentionally), [ j] وَبِـزَيَـادَةِ‮ ‬أَرْبَـعِ‮ ‬رَكْـعَاتِ‮ ‬ (and by the addition of four more rakʿahs) سَـهْوًا (absent-mindedly) فِـي‮ ‬الرِبَّـاعِـي,‮ ‬(to the prayers that have four rakʿahs)  وَالثُّلاَثِـيَِّة,‮ ‬(and three rakʿah), وَبِـزَيَـادَةِ‮ ‬رَكْـعَتَيْـنِ  (and by the addition of two more rakʿahs)  فِـي‮ ‬الثَّانِـيَةِ ( to the prayer that has two rakʿahs), [k] وَبِـسُـجُودُ‮ ‬الْـمَسْـبُوقِ‮ ‬مَـعَ‮ ‬الإمَـامِ (and by the prostration of the person praying behind the imām), لِِـلسَـهْوِ (which is done because of absent-mindedness), [whether] قَـبْلِيًّا (it is done before the salaam)  أَوْ‮ ‬بَـعْدِيًّـا (or after it), إِنْ‮ ‬لَـمْ‮ ‬يُـدْرِكَ‮ ‬مَـعَ‮ ‬الإمَـام (if the worshipper has not kept up with the imām), وَبِـتُركِ‮ ‬السُّجُودِ‮ ‬الْـقَبْلِيِّ (and by not performing the prostration for absent-mindedness which is done before the salaam) إِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬عَـنْ‮ ‬نَـقْصِ‮ ‬ثَـلاَثِ‮ ‬سُـنَـنٍ (when three sunnah action have been omitted), and وَطَـالَ (a length of time has has gone by). وَاللَّهُ‮ ‬أَعْلَمُ (Allah is the Best Knower).


Published in: on December 26, 2010 at 03:38  Leave a Comment  

The Chapter About سُجُودِ السَّهْوِ (The Prostration For Absent-Mindedness) from Matn al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter About سُجُودِ‮ ‬السَّهْوِ (The Prostration For Absent-Mindedness)

وَسُـجُودُ‮ ‬السَّهْوِ (The prostration for absent-mindedness) is سَجْـدَتَـان (two prostrations) قَـبْلَ‮ ‬سـَـلاَمِـهِ (before the worshipper’s salaam). إِنْ‮ ‬نَـقَصَ‮ ‬سُـنَّةً‮ ‬مُـؤَكَّدَةً (if he has omitted a sunnah mu’akkadah), تَشَهَّدُ‮ ‬لَـهُمَا (He also should recites the tashah-hud with the two prostrations)  وَيُسَلِّمُ‮ ‬مِنْهُمَا (and then he pronounces the salaam for them).

وَإِنْ‮ ‬زَادَ (If the worshippers adds something to the prayer), سَجَـدَ‮ ‬بَـعْدَ‮ ‬سَـلاَمِـهِ‮ ‬(he should perform the prostration for absent-mindedness after his salaam). وَإِنْ‮ ‬نَـقَصَ‮ ‬وَزَادَ (If he [both] omits something from the prayer and adds something to the same prayer), سَجَـدَ‮ ‬قَـبْلَ‮ ‬سَـلاَمِـهِ (he should perform sujuudu-s-sahw before his salaam) لِأَنَّهُ‮ ‬يُـغْلَبُ‮ ‬جَنَائِـبَ‮ ‬النَّقْصِ (because the portion he omitted is given precedence) عَلَى جَنَائِبَ‮ ‬الزِّيَادَةِ (over the portion he added).

والسَّاهِـي‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬صَـلاَتِـهِ (Absent-mindedness of the worshipper in his prayer) عَـلَى ثَـلاَثَـةِ‮ ‬أَقْـسَامٍ (is of three kinds):

1)  تَـارَةً (Sometimes), يَـسْهُو عَـنْ‮ ‬نقْصِ (the worshipper absent-mindedly omits) فَـرْضٍ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬فَـرَائِـضِ‮ ‬صَـلاَتِـهِ (one of the obligatory actions of his prayer).  فَـلاَ‮ ‬يَـجْبَرُ (An obligatory action cannot be restored by the prostration for forgetfulness). وَلاَ‮ ‬بُـدَّ‮ ‬الإتْـيَانِ‮ ‬بِـهِ (There is no doubt, about  having to do it). وَإِنْ‮ ‬لَـمْ‮ ‬يَـذْكُـرْ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ (If he does not remember the omission) حَـتَّى سَـلَّمَ (until he has pronounced the salaam)  أَوْ‮ ‬طَـالَ (or a long time passed [before he remembers]), بَـطَلَتْ‮ ‬صَـلاَتُهُ (his prayer becomes invalid)  وَيَـبْتَدِئُـهَا (and he should  start it over again).

2)  تَـارَةً (Sometimes), يَـسْهُو عَـنْ‮ ‬فَـضِيلَةٍ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬فَـضَائِـلِ‮ ‬صَـلاَتِـهِ (the worshipper absent-mindedly omits one of the meritorious actions of his prayer)  كَـالْـقُنُوتُ (like the Qunuut), وَرَبَّنَا وَلَـكَ‮ ‬الْـحَـمْدُ (Rabbanaa wa laka-l-ḥamd), وَتَكْبِيرَةٍ‮ ‬وَاحِـدَةٍ (one Allahu Akbar) وَشَـبْهِ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ (and what is similar to that). فَـلاَ‮ ‬سُـجُودَ‮ ‬عَـلَيهِ (He is not required to perform the prostration for absentmindedness) فِـي‮ ‬شَـيْءٍ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ‮ ‬ (for any of these omissions). مَـتَى سَجَـدَ (If the worshipper performs sujuud) لِشَـيْءٍ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ (for any of these omissions), قَـبْلَ‮ ‬سـَـلاَمِـهِ (before he pronounces his salaam), بَـطَلَتْ‮ ‬صَـلاَتُـهُ (his prayer becomes invalid) وَيَـبْتَدِئُـهَا (and he should start it over again).

3) تَـارَةً (Sometimes), يَـسْهُو عَـنْ‮ ‬سُـنَّةٍ‮ ‬مِـنْ‮ ‬سُـنَـنِ‮ ‬صَـلاَتِـهِ (the worshipper absent-mindedly omits one of the sunnah actions of his prayer), كَـالسُّورةِ‮ ‬مَـعَ‮ ‬أُمِّ‮ ‬الْـقُرآنِ (like the chapter that comes with the Ummu-l-Qur’ān)  أَوْ‮ ‬تَـكْبِيرَتَـيْنِ (or two takbiirs)  أَوِ‮ ‬التَّشَهُّدَيْـنِ (or the two tashah-hud)  أَوِ‮ ‬الْـجُـلُوسِ‮ ‬لَـهُمَا (or the sitting that is done for the two tashahhud) وَمَـا أَشْـبَهُ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ (and what is similar to these things). فَيَشْجُـدُ‮ ‬لِـذَالِـكَ (The worshipper should perform the prostration for absentmindedness for the omission of these actions).

وَلاَ‮ ‬يَـقُوتُ‮ ‬الْـبَعْدِيُّ (The prostration for absentmindedness which is performed after the salaam should not be left undone) بِـالنِسْـيَانِ (if it is forgotten).  (The worshipper should perform it), وَلَـوْ‮ ‬ذَكَـرَهُ‮ ‬بَـعْدَ‮ ‬شَهْـرِ (even if he remembers it after a month). وَلَوْ‮ ‬قَدَّمَ‮ ‬السُّجُودَ‮ ‬الْـبَعْدِيَّ (Whether it occurred before the prostration for absentmindedness which comes after the salaam)  أَوْ‮ ‬أَخَّرَ‮ ‬السُّجُودَ‮ ‬الْـقَبْلِيَّ (or occurred after the prostration for absentmindedness which comes before the salaam), أَجْـزَأَهُ‮ ‬ذَالِـكَ‮ ‬ (he must compensate for these errors), however, وَلاَ‮ ‬تُبْطَلُ‮ ‬صَـلاَتُـهُ (his prayer does not become nullified). عَـلَى الْـمَشْهُورِ (This is in accordance what is well known in the Māliki madh-hab).

وَمَنْ‮ ‬لَم‮ ‬يَدْرِ‮ ‬مَا صَلَّى (He who is unable to remember whether he prayed) ثَلاَثًـا أَوِ‮ ‬اثْـنَتَيْنِ (three rakʿahs or two),  فَـإنَّهُ‮ ‬يَـبْنَى عَـلَى أَقَـلِّ‮ ‬ (should determine the matter based upon the lesser amount of rakʿahs) وَ‮ ‬يَـأْتِـي‮ ‬بِـمَا شَـكَّ‮ ‬فِـيهِ (and perform the number of rakʿahs in which there is doubt). وَيَـسْجُـدُ‮ ‬ (He should then perform the prostration for absentmindedness) بَـعْدَ‮ ‬سَـلاَمِـهِ‮ ‬(after his salaam). وَاللَّهُ‮ ‬أَعْلَمُ (Allah is the Best Knower)).

 

Published in: on December 20, 2010 at 23:10  Leave a Comment  

The Chapter About مَنْدُوبَاتِ الصَّلاَةِ (The Things Recommended) in the Prayer from Matn al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter About مَنْدُوبَاتِ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةِ  (The Things Recommended) in the Prayer

وَيُسْـتَحَبُّ‮ ‬لِلْـمُكَلِّف (It is recommended for the one who has reached the age of puberty and is held responsible for his actions)  أَنْ‮ ‬يَـتَنَـفَّلَ (that he prays supererogatory prayers) قَـبْلَ‮ ‬الظُّهْـرِ‮ ‬وَبَـعْدَهَـا (before Dhur and after it), وَقَـبْلَ‮ ‬الْـعَصْرِ (before ʿAsr) وَبَـعْدَ‮ ‬الْـمَغْرِبِ (and after Maghrib).  يُسْـتَحَبُّ‮ ‬زِيَـادَةُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬النَّفْلِ‮ ‬بَـعْدَ‮ ‬الْـمَغْرِبِ (Additional supererogatory prayers after maghrib are also recommended). وَهَـاـذَا كُـلُّهُ‮ ‬لَـيْسَ‮ ‬بِوَاجِـبٍ‮ ‬ (None of these prayers are obligatory), إِنَّمَا هُـوَ‮ ‬عَـلَى طَـرِيقِ‮ ‬الْإسْـتِحْبَابِ (but they are recommended).  وَكَـذَلِـكَ‮ ‬يُسْـتَحَبُّ‮ ‬الضُّحَى (Also, the forenoon prayer is recommended),‮ ‬وَالتَّرَاوِيح (along with Ṣalaatu-l-Tarāwīh,  وَتَـحِيَّةُ‮ ‬الْـمَسْجِـدِ (the prayer of greeting the masjid), وَالشَّفْعُ (the Shafʿu) وَأَقَـلُّهُ‮ ‬رَكْـعَتَانِ (which consists of at least two rakʿah) وَالْـوِتْـرُ‮ ‬رَكْـعةٌ‮ ‬بَـعْدَهُ (and the Witr which consists of one rakʿah performed after the shafʿu).  هُـوَ‮ ‬سُـنَّةٌ‮ ‬مُـؤَكَّدَةٌ (The Witr prayer is a required sunnaḩ). وَ‮ ‬الْـقِرَأَةُ (The recitation of Qur’an) فِـي‮ ‬الشَّفْعُ‮ ‬وَالْـوِتْـرِ (in both the Shafʿu and the Witr prayers) جَهْـرًا (is read aloud).

وَيَـقْرَأُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الشَّفْعِ‮ ‬ (The worshipper reads in the Shafʿu prayer) فِـي‮ ‬رَكْـعَةِ‮ ‬الأُولَـى (in the first rakʿah) بِـأُمِّ‮ ‬الْـقُرآنِ (Sūratu-l-Faatiḥah) وَ (followed by) “‮ ‬سَـبِحِ‮ ‬اسْـمَ‮ ‬رَبِّكَ‮ ‬الأَعْـلى” (Sabbi-hisma rabbi-ka-l-aʿlaa) ,  وَفِـي‮ ‬الثَـانِـيَةِ (and in the second rakʿah [he reads]) بِـأُمِّ‮ ‬الْـقُرآنِ (Sūratu-l-Faatiḥah) وَ (followed by) “‮ ‬قُـلْ‮ ‬يَـآ أَُّّىُّهَا الْـكَفِرونَ‮ ‬” (Qul yaa ayyuhaa-l-kaafiruuna).‮ ‬وَ فِـي‮ ‬وَالْـوِتْـرِ  (In the Witr prayer), بِـأُمِّ‮ ‬الْـقُرآنِ (Sūratu-l-Faatiḥah)  وَ (followed by)  قُـلْ‮ ‬هُـوَ‮ ‬اللّه أَحَـدٌ (Qul huwa-l-laahu Aḥad) وَ‮ ‬الْـمَُوْعَـوَّذَتيْـنِ (and the Muʿawdh-dhatayn).

وَ‮ ‬رَكْـعَتَا الْفَجْـرِ (the two rakʿahs of the Dawn Prayer) مِـنَ‮ ‬الرَّغَـائِـبِ (are among those things which are preferred), وَقِـيلَ (and it is said)  مِـنَ‮ ‬السُّنَّةِ (that it is from among those this which are Sunnah). وَيُـقْرَأُ‮ ‬فِـيهِمَا سِـرًّا بِـأُمِّ‮ ‬الْـقُرآنِ‮ ‬فَقَطْ (Sūratu-l-Faatiḥah is read in both of them only silently ). وَاللَّهُ‮ ‬أَعْلَمُ (Allah is the Best Knower).


Published in: on October 15, 2010 at 19:41  Leave a Comment  

The Chapter About فَـرَائِضِ الصَّلاَةِ (The Obligatory Actions of Prayer),سُـنَـنِهَا (It’s Actions Derived From The Prophet Muhammad), فَـضَائِـلِهَا (It’s Meritorious Actions) and مَـكْرُوهَاتِهَا (It’s Actions Which are Disliked) from Matn al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter About فَـرَائِضِ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةِ (The Obligatory Actions  of Prayer), سُـنَـنِهَا (It’s Actions Derived From The Prophet Muhammad), فَـضَائِـلِهَا (It’s Meritorious Actions)  and مَـكْرُوهَاتِهَا (It’s Actions Which are Disliked)

فَـأَمَّا فَـرَائِـضُ‮ ‬الصَّلاَة (As for the obligatory actions of the prayer), فَـثِلاَثَـةَ‮ ‬عَشَرَ (they are thirteen): 1) النِّيَّة (the intention), 2) وَتَـكْبِيرَةُ‮ ‬الإحْـرَام (saying Allahu akbar at the beginning of Ṣalaah), 3) وَالْقِيَامُ‮ ‬لَهَا (assuming the standing position for the prayer), 4) وَقِـرَأَةُ‮ ‬الْفَاتِـحَة (reading the first chapter of the Holy Qur’an titled: ‘al-Faatiḥah’), 5) وَالْـقِيَامُ‮ ‬لَـهَا  (assuming the standing position for the recitation of al-Faatiḥah), 6) وَالرُّكُـوعُ (assuming the bowing position), 7) وَالرَّفْـعُ‮ ‬مِـنْهُ (rising up from the bowing position), 8)‮ ‬وَالسُجُود‮ ‬(assuming the position of prostration), 9) وَالرَّفْـعُ‮ ‬مِـنْهُ (rising up from the position of prostration), 10) وَالْـجُـلُـسُ (assuming the sitting position) which is the final sitting done in conjunction with the closing salaam, 11) وَالسَّلاَمُ‮ ‬الْـمُعَرَّفُ‮ ‬بِـالأَلِـفِ‮ ‬واللاَّمِ (the Salaam preceded by alif and laam), 12) وَالطُّمَأْنِـيَنَةُ  (calmness) and 13) وَالاِعْـتِدَلُ (collectedness) وَأَمَّا سُـنَنُ‮ ‬الصَّلاَة (As for the actions of the prayer which have been derived from the Prophet Muhammad), they are twelve: 1) السُّورَةُ‮ ‬بَعْدَ‮ ‬الْـفَاتِـحَةِ (the sūrah which is read after al-Faatiḥah in  ركعة الأُلَـى (the first rakʿah) 2) وَالثَّانِـيَة (the second rakʿah), 3) وَالْـقِيَامُ‮ ‬لَـهَا (assuming the standing position for the sūrah), 4) وَالسِّرُّ‮ ‬فِـيمَا‮ ‬يُسَـرُّ‮ ‬فيهِ (praying silently in the prayers that are said silently), 5) وَالْـجَهْـرُ‮ ‬فِـيمَا‮ ‬يَجْهَـرُ‮ ‬فِـيهِ (praying aloud in the prayers that are said aloud), 6) وَكُـلُّ‮ ‬تَـكْبِيرَةٍ (every Takbiirah [Allahu Akbar]) is a sunnah, except تَـكْبِيرَةُ‮ ‬الإحْـرَام (Takbiiratu-l-Iḥraam) which is a farḍ and has already been mentioned), 7) وَسَـمِعَ‮ ‬اللَّهُ‮ ‬لِـمَنْ‮ ‬حَـمِدَهُ‮ ‬للإمام (the imām and the one praying alone saying: sami’a-l-laahu li-man ḥamidah), 8)  وَالْـجُـلُـوسُ‮ ‬الأَوَّلُ (the first sitting), 9) وَالزِّيَـادُ‮ ‬عَـلَى قِـدْرِ‮ ‬السَّلاَمِ‮ ‬ (the addition of the salaam [as-salaam alaykum]) مِـنَ‮ ‬الْـجُـلُسِ‮ ‬الثَّانِـي‮ ‬(that is done in the second sitting), 10) وَرَدُّ‮ ‬الْـمُقْتَدِي‮ ‬عَـلَى إِمَـامِـهِ‮ ‬السَّلاَم (the reply of the one following the imām to the salaam of his imām), 11) likewise, رَدُّهُ‮ ‬عَـلَى مَـنْ‮ ‬يَـسَارِهِ‮ ‬ (the reply of the  one following the imām to the salaam of the person on his left) إِنْ‮ ‬كَـانَ‮ ‬عَـلَى‮ ‬يَـسَارِهِ‮ ‬أَحَـدٌ (if some is on his left).  12) وَالسِّتْرَةُ (the barrier) for the imām and وَالْـفَذُّ (the one praying alone), when it is feared that someone will pass in front of them. وَأَمَّا فَـضَائِـلُ‮ ‬الصَّلاَة (As for the meritorious actions of prayer), they are ten: 1) رَفَـعَ‮ ‬الْـيَدَيْـن raising the hands عِـنْدَ تَـكْبِيرَةُ‮ ‬الإحْـرَام (with the pronouncement of Takbiiratu-l-Iḥraam [Allahu Akbar]), 2) وَتَـطْوِيلُ‮ ‬قِـرَاءَةِ‮ ‬الصُّبْحِ‮ ‬وَالظُّهْـرِ  (lengthening the reading of Qur’an) in the Ṣubḥ and Ḍhuhr prayers, 3) وَتَـقْصِيرُ‮ ‬قِـرَاءَةِ‮ ‬الععَصْرِ‮ ‬وَالْـمَغْرِبِ‮ ‬(shortening  the  reading  of  Qur’an)  in  the  ʿAsr  and  Maghrib  prayers,  4)  تَـوَسُّطُ‮ ‬الْـعِشَاء (moderating the reading of Qur’an) in the ʿIshaa’ prayer, 5) وَقَـولُ‭:‬‮ ‬رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ‮ ‬الْـحَـمْدُ (the saying of: Rabbanaa wa laka-l-Ḥamd) لِـلْـمُـقْتَدِي‮ ‬وَالْـفَذِّ (the one who is following imām and the one who is praying alone), 6) وَالتَّسْـبِيحُ‮ ‬الرُّكُـوعِ‮ ‬وَالسُّجودِ (saying: the Tasbiih [Subḥaana Rabbiya-l-ʿAdhiim]) while in rukuuʿ and 7) (saying: Ṣubḥaana Rabbiya-l-Aʿalaa) while in sujuud, 8) وَالتَّأْمِـيمُ (saying Ta’miim [Aamiin]) while praying alone and behind an imām, whether the prayer is silent or out loud; the Ta’miim being said by the imām in silence only,  9) saying وَالْـقُنُوت‮ ‬(the Qunuut) . It is recited as follows:

اللَّهُمَّّ‮ ‬إِنَّ‮ ‬نَسْتَعِينُكَ‮ ‬وَنَسْتَغٌفِرُكَ‮ ‬وَنُومِنُ‮ ‬بِكَ‮ ‬وَنَتَوَكَّلُ‮ ‬عَلَيْكَ‮ ‬وَنُثْنِي‮ ‬عَلَيْكَ‮ ‬الْـخَيْرَ‮ ‬كُلَّهُ‮ ‬نَشْكُرُكَ‮ ‬وَلاَ‮ ‬نَكْفُرْكَ‮ ‬وَنَخْنَعُ‮ ‬لَكَ‮ ‬وَنَخْلَعُ‮ ‬وَنَتْرُكَ‮ ‬مَنْ‮ ‬يَكْفُرُكَ‮ ‬

Allahumma innaa nastaʿiinuka wa nastagfiruka wa nuuminu bika wa natawakkalu ʿalayka wa nuthnii ʿalayka-l-khayra kulluh nashkuruka wa laa nakfuruka wa nakhnaʿu laka wa nakhlaʿu wa natruku man yakfuruka. O Allah, we seek help from You and ask forgiveness of You; we believe in You and rely on You. We praise You in with all that is good and give thanks to you. we do not disbelieve in you and we humble ourselves before you.  We renounce all other diins we abandon all who reject You.

اللَّهُمَّّ‮ ‬إِيَّاكَ‮ ‬نَعْبُدُ‮ ‬وَلَكَ‮ ‬نُصَلِّّي‮ ‬وَنَسْجُدُ‮ ‬وَإِلَيْكَ‮ ‬نَسْعى وَنَحْفِدُ‮ ‬نَرْجُو رَحْمَتَكَ‮ ‬وَنَخَافُ‮ ‬أَدَابَكَ‮ ‬الْجِدَّ‮ ‬إِنَّ‮ ‬أَذَابَكَ‮ ‬بِالْكَافِرِينَ‮ ‬مُلحِقٌ

Allahumma iyyaaka naʿbudu wa laka nuṣallii wa nasjudu wa ilayka nasʿaa wa naḥfidu narjuu raḥmataka wa nakhaafu adhabaka-l-jidda inna adhaabaka bi-l-kaafiriina mulḥiq. O Allah it is You Whom we worship and to You that we pray and prostrate. It is towards You that we strive and struggle. We hope for Your mercy and fear Your certain punishment. Your punishment will surely come to those who disbelieve. الْـقُنُوت‮ ‬(The Qunuut) is not recited in any other prayer except صَـلاَةُ‮ ‬الصُّبْحِ‮ ‬(the Morning Prayer). It is recited (in the second rakʿah) before going into rukuuʿ (the bowing position) and it is read silently. 10) وَالتَّشَهُّد‮ ‬(The Tashah-hud) is a sunnah. It is recited as follows:

التَّهِيَّاتُ‮ ‬لِلَّهِ‮ ‬الزَّاكِيَّاتُ‮ ‬لِلَّهِ‮ ‬الطَّيِّبَاتُ‮ ‬الصَّلَوَاتُ‮ ‬لِلَّهِ‮ ‬السَّلاَمُ‮ ‬عَلَيْكَ‮ ‬أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ‮ ‬وَرَحْمَةُ‮ ‬اللَّهِ‮ ‬وَبَرَكَاتُهُ‮ ‬السَّلاَمُ‮ ‬عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ‮ ‬اللَّهِ‮ ‬الصَّالِحِينَ‮ ‬أَشْهَدُ‮ ‬أَنْ‮ ‬لاَّ‮ ‬إِلهَ‮ ‬إِلاَّ‮ ‬اللَّهُ‮ ‬وَحْدَهُ‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬شَرِيكَ‮ ‬لَهُ‮ ‬وَ‮ ‬أَشْهَدُ‮ ‬أَنَّ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ‮ ‬وَرَسُولُهُ

Greetings are for Allah, Good actions are for Allah. good words and prayers are for Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Messenger of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous slaves of Allah. I bear witness that there is no god except Allah alone without partner and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger. If you say: As salaamu ʿalaykum after this it will suffice (that is to say the recitation of the Tashah-hud would be the last action required before the worshipper close out his prayer with the salaam), however if you desire you can also say (before saying As salaamu ʿalaykum):

أَشْهَدُ‮ ‬أَنَّ‮ ‬الَّذِي‮ ‬جَاءَ‮ ‬بِهِ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدٌ‮ ‬حَقٌّ‮ ‬وَأَنَّ‮ ‬الْجَنَّةَ‮ ‬حَقٌّ‮  ‬وَأَنَّ‮ ‬النَّارَ‮ ‬حَقٌّ‮ ‬وَأَنَّ‮ ‬الصِّرَاطَ‮ ‬حَقٌّ‮ ‬وَأَنَّ‮ ‬السَّاعَةَ‮ ‬آتِيَةٌ‮ ‬لاَرَيْبَ‮ ‬فِيهَا وَأَنَّ‮ ‬اللَّهَ‮ ‬يَبْعَثُ‮ ‬مَنْ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬الْقُبُورِ‮ ‬

I bear witness witness that what Muhammad brought is true. And that the Garden is true. And that the Fire is true. And that the Hour is coming and there is no doubt about it. And that Allah will raise up those in the graves.

اللَّهُمَّ‮ ‬صَلِّي‮ ‬عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ‮ ‬وَعَلَى آلِ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدٍ‮ ‬وَارْحَمْ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدًا وَآلَ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدٍ‮ ‬وَبَارِكْ‮ ‬عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ‮ ‬وَعَلَى آلِ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدٍ‮ ‬كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ‮ ‬وَرَحِمْتَ‮ ‬وَبَارَكْتَ‮ ‬عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ‮ ‬وَعَلَى آلِ‮ ‬إِبْرَاهِيمَ‮ ‬فِي‮ ‬الْعَالََـمِينَ‮ ‬إِنَّكَ‮ ‬حَمِيدٌ‮ ‬مَجِيدٌ

O Allah pray on Muhammad and the family of Muhammad and have mercy on Muhammad and the family of Muhammad as you prayed on and had mercy on and blessed Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim. In all the worlds, You are praiseworthy, glorious.

اللَّهُمَّ‮ ‬صَلِّي‮ ‬عَلَى مَلآئِكَةِ‮ ‬وَالْـمُقَرَّبِينَ‮ ‬وعَلَى أَنْبِيَائِكَ‮ ‬وَالْـمُرسَلِينَ‮ ‬وَعَلَى أَهْلِ‮ ‬طَعَاتِكَ‮ ‬أَجْمَعِينَ‮ ‬

O Allah, pray on Your angels and those brought near and on Your Prophets and Messengers and on all the people who obey You.

أَللَّهُمَّ‮ ‬اغْفِرْ‮ ‬لِي‮ ‬وَالْـوَالِدَيَّ‮ ‬وَلِأَئِمَّتِنَا وَلِـمَن سَبَقَنَا بِالإيـمَانِ‮ ‬مَغْفِرَتًا عَزْمًا‮ ‬

O Allah, forgive me and my parents and our imams and those who have gone before us with imaan with complete forgiveness.

أَللَّهُمَّ‮ ‬إِنِّي‮ ‬أَسأَلُكَ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬كُلِّ‮ ‬خَيرٍ‮ ‬سَأَلَكَ‮ ‬مِنْهُ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدٌ‮ ‬نَيُّكَ‮ ‬صَلَّى اللَّهُ‮ ‬عَلَيهِ‮ ‬وَسَلَّمَ‮ ‬وَأَعُوذُ‮ ‬بِكَ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬كُلُّ‮ ‬شَرٍّ‮ ‬اسْتَعَاذَكَ‮ ‬مِنْهُ‮ ‬مُحَمَّدٌ‮ ‬نَيُّكَ‮ ‬صَلَّى اللَّهُ‮ ‬عَلَيهِ‮ ‬وَسَلَّمَ‮ ‬

O Allah, I ask You for every good thing that Muhammad, Your Prophet, asked You for and I seek refuge in You from every evil that Muhammad, Your Prophet, sought refuge in You from.

أَللَّهُمَّ‮ ‬اغْفِرْ‮ ‬لَنَا مَا قَدَّمْنَا وَمَا أَخَّرْنَا وَمَا أسْرَارنَا وَمَا أَعْلَنَّا وَمَا أَنْتَ‮ ‬أَعْلَمُ‮ ‬بِهِ‮ ‬مِنَّا‮ ‬

O Allah, forgive us for what we have done and for what we have put off doing, for what we have kept hidden and what we have done openly and for what You have more knowledge about than us.

رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي‮ ‬الدُّنّيَا حَسَنَةً‮ ‬وَفِي‮ ‬الآخِرَةِ‮ ‬حَسَنَةً‮ ‬وَقِنَا أَعْذَابَ‮ ‬النَّارِ‮ ‬وَ‮ ‬أَعُوذُ‮ ‬بِكَ‮ ‬مِنْ‮ ‬فِتْـنَةِ‮ ‬الْـمَحْيَا وَالْـمَمَاتِ‮ ‬وَمِنْ‮ ‬فِتْـنَةِ‮ ‬الْقُبْرِ‮ ‬وَمِنْ‮ ‬فِتْـنَةِ‮ ‬الْـمَسِيحِ‮ ‬الدَّجَّالِ‮ ‬وَمِنْ‮ ‬عَذَابِ‮ ‬النَّارِ‮ ‬وَالسُّوءِ‮ ‬الْـمَصِيرِ

Our Lord give us good in this world and good in the next world and protect us from the torment of the Fire. I seek refuge in You from the trials of life and death and from the trials of the grave and from the trials of the Dajjal and from the torment of the Fire and from an evil end. وَأَمَّا مَـكْرُوهَـاتِ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةِ (As for the  things that are disliked in prayer [they include]:  1)  فالدُُّعَـاء (saying supplication) بَـعَدَ‮ ‬الإِحْـرَامِ (after Takbiiratu-l-Iḥraam [the opening])  وَقَـبَلَ‮ ‬الْـقِرَاةِ (and before reading the sūrah which is read after the Faatiḥah), 2) وَالدُُّعَـاء (supplication) during the Faatiḥah and during the sūrah that follows it, 3) وَالدُُّعَـاء (supplication)  while فِـي‮ ‬الرُّكُـوعِ‮ ‬(in the bowing position), 4) وَالدُُّعَـاء (supplication) بَـعَدَ‮ ‬التَّشَهُّدِ‮ ‬ (after the first Tashah-hud), 5) وَالدُُّعَـاء (supplication) بَـعَدَ سَـلامِ‮ ‬الإمَـام (after the salaam of the imām), 6) وَسُـجُودُ‮ ‬عَـلَى الثِّيَابِ prostrating on a garment), وَالْبُسُـطِ (a rug) or وَشُـبْهِهِمَا (something resembling either one of them) which مِـمَّا فِـيهِ‮ ‬رَفَـاهِـيَة (has been made from luxurious materials) بِـخِلَاِفِ‮ ‬الْـحَصِير (other than a mat). فَإنَّهُ‮ ‬لاَ‮ ‬يُـكْرَهُ‮ ‬السُّوجُـدُ‮ ‬عَـلَيْهَا (Prostration on a mat is not makruh), وَ‮ ‬لَـكِنْ‮ ‬تَرْكُـهَا أَوْلَى (however refraining from prostrating on it (the mat) is even better), while  وَالسُّجُودُ‮ ‬عَـلَى الأَرْضِ‮ ‬أفْـضَلُ (prostrating on the ground is the best thing to do), 7) وَالسُّجُودُ (the prostration of [the worshipper] عَـلَى كَـوْرِ‮ ‬عِـمَامَـتِهِ (on the folds of his turban), ظَرْفِ‮ ‬كُـمُهِ (the hem of his sleeve)  أوْ‮ ‬رِدَائِـهِ (or the hem of his robe), 8)  وَالْـقِرَاةُ (reciting verses of the Qur’ān) while فِـي‮ ‬الرُّكُـوعِ‮ ‬(in the bowing position)  وَالسُّجُودِ (and the position of prostration), 9) وَالدُُّعَـاءُ‮ ‬بِـالْعَجَـمِيَّة (supplication made in a foreign language) لِـلْقَادِرِ‮ ‬عَـلَى الْـعَرَبِيََّةِ (by the person who is able to speak Arabic), 10) وَالْـتِفَاتُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الصَّلاَةِ (turning around during the prayer), 11)  وَتَـشْـبِيكُ‮ ‬أَصَـابِـعِهِ (the worshipper interlocking his fingers), 12) فَـرْقَـعَتُهَا  (cracking his knuckles), 13) وَوَضَـعَ‮ ‬يَـديْـهِ‮ ‬عَـلَيَ‮ ‬خَـاصِِـرَتِـهِ (placing his hands on his waist), 14) وَإِقَْـعَاؤهُ (squatting), 15) وَتَـغْمِيضُ‮ ‬عَـيْنِهِ (closing his eyes) 16) وَوَضَـعَ‮ ‬قَـدِمِـهِ‮  ‬عَـلَى الأُخْـرَى (placing one on the other), 17)‮ ‬تَـفَكُّرُهُ‮ ‬بِـأَمْـرٍ‮ ‬دُنْيَوِيٍّ‮ ‬(preoccupation with worldly affairs), 18)   وَحَـمْلُ‮ ‬شَـيءٍ (the worshipper carrying something) بِـكُمْهِ (in his sleeve)  أوْ‮ ‬فَـمْهِ (or his mouth), 19) وَعَـبَثٌ‮ ‬بِـلِحْيَتِهِ (playing with his beard), 20)  وَالْـمَشْهُورُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـبَسْمَلَةِ‮ ‬وَالتَّعَوُّذُ‮ ‬ (and it is well known that الْـبَسْمَلَة (the Basmalah [saying: Bismi-l-laahi-r-Rahmaani-r-Rahiim]) and التَّعَوُّذُ (the Taʿaw-wudh [say: aʿuu-dhu bi-l-laahi minash-shaytaani-r-rajiim])  الْـكَرَاهَـةُ‮ ‬فِـي‮ ‬الْـفَرِيضَة (are disliked in the obligatory),دُونَ‮ ‬النَّافِـلَة (unliked in the supererogatory prayer).  وَعَـنْ‮ ‬مَـالِـك قَـوْلٌ (There is a statement transmitted from Maalik about) الإبَـاحَـة (allowing) the Basmalaah to be said, while وَعَـنِ‮ ‬ابْــنِ‮ ‬مَسْـلَمَة (there is a transmission from Ibn Muslamah)  إِنَّهَا مَـنْدُوبة (that the Basmalah is highly recommended) وَعَـنِ‮ ‬نَـافِـعِ (and, a transmission from Naafi’ about) وُجُـوبَـهَا (it being required). فَإننْ‮ ‬فَـعَلَ‮ ‬شَـيْئًا مِـنَ‮ ‬الْـمَـكْرُوهَـاتِ (If the worshippers does something from among the things that are disliked in his prayer), كُـرِهَ‮ ‬لَـهُ‮ ‬ذَالِكَ (it is disliked that he does them), وَلاَ‮ ‬تَـبْطُلُ‮ ‬صَـلاَتُهُ (but his prayer does not become invalid). وَاللَّهُ‮ ‬أَعْلَمُ (Allah is the Best Knower).

Published in: on September 19, 2010 at 20:05  Leave a Comment  

The Chapter About الشُّرُوطِ الصَّلاَةِ (The Conditions of Prayer) from Matn al Ashmaawiyyah

The Chapter About الشُّرُوطِ‮ ‬الصَّلاَةِ (The Conditions of Prayer)

الصَّلاَة (Prayer)  شُّرُوطُ‮ ‬وُجُـوبٍ (has obligatory conditions)  وَشُّرُوطُ‮ ‬صِـحَّةٍ (and conditions which make it valid). فَـأَمَّا شُّرُوطُ‮ ‬وُجُـوبِـهَا (As for its obligatory conditions), فَخَـمْسةٌ (they are five): 1) الإسْـلاَمُ (Islam), 2) وَالْـبُلُوغُ (puberty), 3) وَالْـعَقْلُ (discernment), 4) وَدُخُـولُ‮ ‬الْـوَقتِ (the time for Ṣalaah has come in), 5) وَبُـلُوغُ‮ ‬دَعْوَةِ‮ ‬النَّبِيّ (the message of the Prophet صلي‮ ‬الله عليه وسلم has reached a people).

وَأَمَّا شُّرُوطُ‮ ‬صِـحَّتِهَا (As for the conditions which make it valid), فَـسِتَّةٌ (they are six):  1) طَـهَارَةُ‮ ‬الْـحَـدَثِ (purification from bodily impurities), 2) وَطَـهَارَةُ‮ ‬الْـخَبَثِ (purification from impure substances which polluted the body, clothing, the place of worship and any other things connected to worship), 3) وَاسْـتِقْبَالُ‮ ‬الْـقِبْلَةِ (being turn towards the direction of Makkah, Arabia), 4) وَسَـتْرُ‮ ‬الْـعَوْرَةِ (covering nakedness), 5) وَتَـرَكُ‮ ‬الْـكَلاَمِ (leaving off all speech not connected to worship), 6) وَتَـرَكُ‮ ‬الأَفْـعَال كَـثِيرَة (leaving all actions not connected to worship).  And وَاللَّهُ‮ ‬أَعْلَمُ (Allah is the Best Knower).


Published in: on September 12, 2010 at 19:33  Leave a Comment  
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